medicina53巻12号

2016年11月発行

SCOPE

短すぎる睡眠も長すぎる睡眠も健康のリスクに？

著者： 内山真¹

所属機関： ¹日本大学医学部精神医学系

ページ範囲：P.2030 - P.2035

睡眠時間は健康に関係する
　睡眠は，日中の活動によるエネルギー消耗や心身疲労からの回復過程を担っており，私たちが日中に最適な状態を維持するために必須の機能である．このため，睡眠の量的不足や質的低下で，脳機能や精神機能の障害，全身の臓器の機能不全，慢性的な健康の問題，死亡率の上昇などが引き起こされることがわかってきた^1）．睡眠時間と心身の健康や疾患との関連を疫学的に調べた研究においては，短すぎる睡眠時間（以下「短睡眠時間」と呼ぶ）と同様に長すぎる睡眠時間（以下「長睡眠時間」と呼ぶ）が心身の問題や疾患の危険因子になることが報告されている^2）．短睡眠時間に関しては実験的研究が行われ，生物学的機序が明らかになってきているが，長睡眠時間が健康に影響するメカニズムは明らかになっていない．
　ここでは睡眠時間と健康リスクについて最近の報告を紹介し，長睡眠時間と健康リスクについて考える．

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