1)Hanks G, et al(eds):Oxford Textbook of Palliative Medicine, 4th ed, Oxford University Press, Oxford, 2010
2)Larkin PJ, et al:The management of constipation in palliative care;Clinical practice recommendations. Palliat Med 22:796-807, 2008
3)Pereira JL(編),丹波嘉一郎,大中俊宏(監訳):Pallium Canada緩和ケアポケットブック,MEDSi,2017
4)日本緩和医療学会(編),専門家を目指す人のための緩和医療学,南江堂,2014
5)日本緩和医療学会ガイドライン統括委員会(編),がん患者の消化器症状の緩和に関するガイドライン2017年版,金原出版,2017
6)Thompson WG, et al:Functional bowel disorders and functional abdominal pain. Gut 45(Suppl 2):Ⅱ43-47, 1999
7)Campagunutta E, et al:Palliative treatment of upper intestinal obstruction by gynecological malignancy;The usefulness of percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy. Genecol Oncol 62:103-105, 1996
8)Feuer DJ, et al:Corticosteroids for the resolution of malignant bowel obstruction in advanced gynaecological and gastrointestinal cancer. Cochrane Database Syst Rev(2):CD001219, 2000
9)日本緩和医療学会緩和医療ガイドライン作成委員会(編):終末期がん患者の輸液療法に関するガイドライン2013年度版,金原出版,2013
10)Runyon BA:Care of patients with ascites. N Engl J Med 330:337-342, 1994
11)Newman G, et al:A survey of current practice in the management of recurrent malignant ascites among oncologists and palliative-care physicians in the UK. Clin Oncol(R Roll Radiol)18:154, 2006
12)Morita T, et al:Association between hydration volume and symptoms in terminally ill cancer patients with abdominal malignancies. Ann Oncol 16:640-647, 2006
13)安達 勇:終末期がん患者に対する支持療法の適応に関する研究.平成11年度厚生省がん研究助成金による研究報告集.pp 404-409, 1999
14)Stephenson J, et al:The development of clinical guidelines on paracentesis for ascites related to malignancy. Palliat Med 16:213-218, 2002
15)Gines P, et al:Paracentesis with intravenous infusion of albumin as compared with peritoneovenous shunting in cirrhosis with refractory ascites. N Engl J Med 325:829-835, 1991