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雑誌文献

medicina58巻5号

2021年04月発行

文献概要

連載 フレーズにピンときたら,このパターン! 鑑別診断に使えるカード・16

「座ると息がしんどい(platypnea orthodeoxia syndrome)」「治らない肺炎(nonresolving pneumonia)」「高齢発症の頭痛」

著者: 長野広之1

所属機関: 1洛和会丸太町病院 救急総合診療科

ページ範囲:P.709 - P.718

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総論
 platypnea(扁平呼吸)が「坐位で増強する呼吸苦」を,orthodeoxiaが低酸素血症を意味することからplatypnea orthodeoxia syndrome(POS)は「臥位で改善し坐位で悪化する呼吸苦に低酸素血症を伴う状態」を指します.姿勢変化の病歴が目立たず胸部画像で異常を呈しない場合,原因不明の低酸素血症や呼吸苦の原因になります.また後述のようにシャントが原因のことが多く,その場合酸素投与を行っても酸素化の改善が乏しいのが特徴です.
 POSの機序としては心内シャントと心外シャント,換気血流比不均衡があります.坐位になることにより右→左シャント量や換気血流比不均等が増加し低酸素血症が起こります.坐位への姿勢変化がどのようにPOSにつながるかについては各疾患の項で述べます.

参考文献

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掲載誌情報

出版社:株式会社医学書院

電子版ISSN:1882-1189

印刷版ISSN:0025-7699

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