文献詳細
文献概要
総説
特発性脳脊髄液減少症
著者: 石坂秀夫1 松前光紀1
所属機関: 1東海大学医学部外科学系脳神経外科領域
ページ範囲:P.453 - P.460
文献購入ページに移動Ⅰ.は じ め に
特発性脳脊髄液減少症(spontaneous cerebrospinal fluid hypovolemia:spontaneous CSF hypovolemia)は髄液圧低下による頭痛,嘔気,頚部痛などの症状を呈する疾患で起立性頭痛が典型的な症状であり,1938年にSchaltenbrandにより始めて報告されている37).長らくその原因として一定の見解は得られてこなかったが,近年,RI脳槽造影(RI cisternography),CT脊髄造影(CT myelography),MR脊髄撮影(MR myelography)などの画像診断により髄液の漏出が証明される報告が相次ぎ,spontaneous CSF hypovolemiaの発生機序として,硬膜からの髄液漏出が有力視されてきている5,7-10,14,16,20,23,27,28,30,35,39,41,43,46).そこでspontaneous CSF hypovolemiaについて成因,臨床症状,診断,治療および現在の問題点につき,自験例を加え報告する.
特発性脳脊髄液減少症(spontaneous cerebrospinal fluid hypovolemia:spontaneous CSF hypovolemia)は髄液圧低下による頭痛,嘔気,頚部痛などの症状を呈する疾患で起立性頭痛が典型的な症状であり,1938年にSchaltenbrandにより始めて報告されている37).長らくその原因として一定の見解は得られてこなかったが,近年,RI脳槽造影(RI cisternography),CT脊髄造影(CT myelography),MR脊髄撮影(MR myelography)などの画像診断により髄液の漏出が証明される報告が相次ぎ,spontaneous CSF hypovolemiaの発生機序として,硬膜からの髄液漏出が有力視されてきている5,7-10,14,16,20,23,27,28,30,35,39,41,43,46).そこでspontaneous CSF hypovolemiaについて成因,臨床症状,診断,治療および現在の問題点につき,自験例を加え報告する.
参考文献
1)Alvarez-Linera J, Escribano J, Benito-León J, Porta-Etessam J, Rovira A:Pituitary enlargement in patients with intracranial hypotention syndrome. Neurology 55:1895-1897, 2000
2)Aoki N ,Sakai T, Oikawa A:Spontaneous intracranial hypotention associated with subdural hematoma:diagnostic usefulness of percutaneous subdural tapping and magnetic resonance imaging.Acta Neurol Chir (Wien) 140:47-50, 1998
3)荒井元美,高田知季,一条勝利:上部および下部胸椎レベルに髄液漏出がみられた特発性低髄液圧症候群の1例.臨床神経 41:775-779, 2001
4)Brightbill TC, Goodwin RS, Ford RG:Magnetic resonance imaging of intracranial hypotention syndrome with pathophysiological correlation. Headache 40:292-299, 2000
5)Christoforidis GA, Mehta BA, Landi JL, Czarnecki EJ, Piaskowski RA:Spontaneous intracranial hypotension:report of four cases and review of the literature. Neuroradiology 40:636-643, 1998
6)Dillon WP, Fishman RA:Some lessons learned about the diagnosis and treatment of spontaneous intracranial hypotension. Am J Neuroradiol 19:1001-1002, 1998
7)Evan RW, Mokri B:Spontaneous intracranial hypotention resulting in coma. Headache 42:159-160, 2002
8)Ferrante E, Savino A:Nonpostural headache by spontaneous intracranial hypotention. Headache 43:127-129, 2003
9)Ferrante E , Savino A, Sances G, Nappi G:Spontaneous intracranial hypotention sydrome:report of twelve cases. Headache 44:615-622, 2004
10)Fishman RA, Dillon WP:Dural enhancement and cerebral displacement secondary to intracranial hypotension. Neurology 43:609-611, 1993
11)Gibson BE, Wedel DJ, Faust RJ, Petersen RC:Continuous epidural saline infusion for the treatment of low CSF pressure headache. Anesthesiology 68:789-791, 1988
12)Headache Classification Subcommittee of the International Headache Society:The International Classification of Headache Disorders:2nd edition. Cephalalgia 24 Suppl 1:9-160, 2004
13)Inenaga C, Tanaka T, Sakai N, Nishizawa S:Diagnostic and surgical strategies for intractable spontaneous intracranial hypotension. Case report. J Neurosurg 94:642-645, 2001
14)Inoue T, Cohen-Gadol AA, Krauss WE:Low-pressure headaches and spinal cord herniation. J Neurosurg 98:93-95, 2003
15)川崎史朗,山本祐司,角南典生,須賀正和,水松真一郎,井上 武:持続硬膜外生食注入にて治癒した特発性頭蓋内圧低下症の1例.脳神経51:711-715, 1999
16)Labadie EL, Van Antwerp J, Bamford CR:Abnormal lumbar isotope cisternography in an unusual case of spontaneous hypoliquorrheic headache. Neurology 26:135-139, 1976
17)Lin WC, Lirng JF, Fuh JL, Wang SJ, Chang FC, Ho CF, Teng MM, Chang CY:MR findings of spontaneous intracranial hypotension. Acta Radiol 43:249-255, 2002
18)Matsumura A, Anno I, Kimura H, Ishikawa E, Nose T:Diagnosis of spontaneous intracranial hypotension by using magnetic resonance myelography. Case report. J Neurosurg 92:873-876, 2000
19)Matsumura A, Anno I, Nose T, Fujimoto A, Shibata Y, Okazaki M, Nishizawa S, Tanaka T, Inenaga C:Intracranial hypotension [1] (multiple letters). J Neurosurg 95:914-916, 2001
20)松崎隆幸,嶋崎光哲,高橋州平,臼居礼子:特発性低髄液圧症候群の3症例.脳外速報 9:377-382, 1999
21)三河茂喜,えび名 勉:慢性硬膜下血腫を合併した特発性頭蓋内圧低下症-硬膜外自家血注入後に一側動眼神経麻痺を呈した1例-.No Shinkei Geka 29:747-753, 2001
22)三須建郎,高橋俊明,佐藤 滋,堅山真規,加藤宏之,糸山泰人:広範な硬膜外髄液貯留をみとめ髄液漏出部を確認できた原発性低髄液圧症候群の1例.臨床神経 39:948-952, 1999
23)宮澤康一:特発性低髄液圧症候群の診断と治療.脳神経56:34-40, 2004
24)Moayeri NN, Henson JW, Schaefer PW, Zervas NT:Spinal dural enhancement on magnetic resonance imaging associated with spontaneous intracranial hypotension. J Neurosurg 88:912-918, 1998
25)Mokri B, Parisi JE, Scheithauer BW, Piepgras DG, Miller GM:Meningeal biopsy in intracranial hypotension:Meningeal enhancement on MRI. Neurology 45:1801-1807, 1995
26)Mokri B, Hunter SF, Atkinson JLD, Piepgras DG:Orthostatic headaches caused by CSF leak but with normal CSF pressures. Neurology 51:786-790, 1998
27)Mokri B, Atkinson JLD, Piepgras DG:Absent headache despite CSF volume depletion (intracranial hypotension). Neurology 55:1722-1724, 2000
28)中島 誠,平野照之,笹本奈緒,宇山英一郎,箕田修治,内野 誠:体位変換により変化しない頭痛を呈した特発性頭蓋内圧低下症の1例.脳神経54:991-995, 2002
29)野川 重,厚東篤生:特発性低髄液圧症候群の病態.神経内科 53:426-433, 2000
30)Nowak DA, Rodiek SO, Zinner J, Guhlmann A, Topka H:Broadening the clinical spectrum:unusual presentation of spontaneous cerebrospinal fluid hypovolemia. J Neurosurg 98:903-907, 2003
31)小笠原貞信,河野輝昭,川口 務,金子好郎,大浅貴朗:原発性低髄液圧症候群に伴う慢性硬膜下血腫.脳神経53:688-689, 2001
32)Ontachi Y, Sakajiri K, Higashi S, Yokoyama K, Suzuki M, Asakura H, Nakao S:Congenital predisposition to spontaneous intracranial hypotension:a case report. Headache 43:678-680, 2003
33)大城真也,福島武雄:経時的に突発性難聴および硬膜下血腫を併発した特発性頭蓋内圧低下症の1例.脳神経55:801-805, 2003
34)大田浩嗣,厳本哲也,横田 晃:両側慢性硬膜下血腫を伴い,滑車神経麻痺を呈した特発性低髄液圧症候群の1例.脳神経56:169-172, 2004
35)Rando TA, Fishman RA:Spontaneous intracranial hypotension:report of two cases and review of the literature. Neurology 42:481-487, 1992
36)Rupp SM, Wilson CB:Treatment of spontaneous cerebrospinal fluid leak with epidural blood patch. Case report. J Neurosurg 70:808-810, 1989
37)Schaltenbrand G:Neuere Anschauungen zur Pathophysiologie der Liquorzirculation. Zentralbl Neurochir 3:290-300, 1938
38)Schievink WI, Meyer FB, Atkinson JLD, Mokri B:Spontaneous spinal cerebrospinal fluid leaks and intracranial hypotension. J Neurosurg 84:598-605, 1996
39)Schievink WI, Morreale VM, Atkinson JLD, Meyer FB, Piepgras DG, Ebersold MJ:Surgical treatment of spontaneous spinal cerebrospinal fluid leaks. J Neurosurg 88:243-246, 1998
40)城谷寿樹,高原 喬,有本裕彦,小野健一郎,清水 昭,中村良治:特発性頭蓋内圧低下症における下垂体腫大.脳神経54:1014-1015, 2002
41)Sugino T, Matsusaka Y, Mitsuhashi Y, Murata K, Sakaguchi M:Intracranial hypotention due to cerebrospinal fluid leakage detected by radioisotope cisternography. Neurol Med Chir (Tokyo)40:404-407, 2000
42)Terajima K, Oi Y, Oguru A, Sakai N, Takei M, Tamaki T, Ogawa R:Blood patch therapy for spontaneous intracranial hypotension:safe performance after epidurography in an unconscious patient. Anesth Analg 94:959-961, 2002
43)内海裕也,関根成郎,加藤陽久:特発性低髄液圧症候群.Brain Medical 14:271-276, 2002
44)渡辺恭一,松本健五,多田英二,桐山英樹,名古谷章子,村上昌穂:外科的治療が有用であった特発性低髄液圧症の1例.脳外速報12:463-466, 2002
45)山本義介,平井達夫,吉田 守,小豆原秀貴,瀧花寿樹,渡辺伸一:MRIミエログラフィーが部位診断に有用であった特発性低髄液圧症候群の1例.脳外速報12:823-826, 2002
46)Yoshimoto K, Takeshita I, Inoue T, Yamaguchi T, Ohta M, Matsumoto K:Multi-level disruption of the spinal nerve root sleeves in spontaneous spinal cerebrospinal fluid leakage-two case reports. Neurol Med Chir (Tokyo) 41:154-159, 2001
掲載誌情報