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Neurological Surgery 脳神経外科35巻6号

2007年06月発行

文献概要

連載 てんかんの画像と病理

1.限局性皮質形成異常 focal cortical dysplasia

著者: 亀山茂樹1 柿田明美2

所属機関: 1国立病院機構西新潟中央病院機能脳神経外科 2新潟大学脳研究所脳疾患リソース解析部門

ページ範囲:P.615 - P.622

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Ⅰ.はじめに

 難治性てんかんを有する症例において,種々のてんかん原性病変が高磁場magnetic resonance imaging(以下MRI)により発見される.また,てんかん外科臨床の中で,てんかん焦点の切除標本の病理診断として限局性皮質形成異常(focal cortical dysplasia, 以下FCD)が多いことは周知のことである.1971年Taylorらが10例の手術標本から特徴的な病理組織像を発見し報告したのが最初であり15),Taylor type FCDと呼ばれる所以である.Taylor type FCDの多くはMRIで明瞭な病変として発見される(Fig. 1).その後の研究から,FCDはそれ自体がてんかん原性をもつことが明らかになり10),てんかん外科の中で重要な意味を有することになった.一方, FCDの診断率は高くなっているが,すべてのFCDがMRIで視認できるわけではないことも重要な事実である.しかしMRIで陰性のてんかん焦点の多くが病理学的にFCDと診断されるため,FCDに対してより感度の高いMRI撮像法,あるいは検査法が必要であると考えられる.本稿では,FCDの画像の特徴,鑑別の意義について病理学的分類を踏まえて考察したいと思う.MRIで見えるFCDと見えないFCDの病理組織学的背景についても明らかにしたい.

参考文献

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掲載誌情報

出版社:株式会社医学書院

電子版ISSN:1882-1251

印刷版ISSN:0301-2603

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