Neurological Surgery 脳神経外科37巻2号

2009年02月発行

総説

脳腫瘍と免疫

著者： 梶原浩司¹ 吉川功一¹ 出口誠¹ 天野貴之¹ 坂真人¹ 鈴木倫保¹

所属機関： ¹山口大学医学部脳神経外科

ページ範囲：P.125 - P.133

Ⅰ．はじめに

　脳実質は従来，その解剖学的な特徴から，全身の免疫監視機構から隔絶された免疫学的隔離部位（immunologically privileged site）といわれていたが，1980年代後半以降，細胞分子生物学の発達に伴い，中枢神経系における免疫監視機構の存在が明らかになってきた．脳腫瘍においても腫瘍細胞に対する獲得性あるいは自然免疫応答や腫瘍抗原の解析が行われて，また一方で腫瘍細胞による免疫抑制機構の存在も知られている．これらの免疫機構の解析に基づいた脳腫瘍の免疫療法の開発研究もさかんに行われるようになり，脳腫瘍治療法としても今後の発展が期待される．本稿では，脳腫瘍と免疫に関して，中枢神経系における免疫監視機構の特殊性，脳腫瘍における免疫監視機構，その中でも特に脳腫瘍における腫瘍抗原の解析，脳腫瘍細胞による免疫抑制機構，脳腫瘍に対する免疫治療などについて解説する．

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