Neurological Surgery 脳神経外科37巻6号

2009年06月発行

総説

パーキンソン病の分子生物学

著者： 斉木臣二¹ 服部信孝¹

所属機関： ¹順天堂大学医学部脳神経内科

ページ範囲：P.531 - P.541

Ⅰ．はじめに

　孤発性パーキンソン病（sporadic Parkinson disease：sPD）はわが国では有病率100～130/10万人でアルツハイマー病に次いで2番目に頻度の高い神経変性疾患であり，1960年代以降はさまざまな薬物療法による対症療法が確立されつつある疾患である．他の遺伝性神経変性疾患の病態機序解明が責任遺伝子同定およびその遺伝子産物の機能解析（種々の細胞・動物モデルならびに蛋白そのものへのアプローチ）により発展してきたのと同様に，sPDの病態機序解明が，家族性パーキンソン病（fPD）の責任遺伝子同定から遺伝子産物（野生型および変異型）の機能解析に依存してきたことは論をまたない．Geneticsからproteomicsへの流れが確立されていく中で，step-by-stepに発症機序が解明され，多様な責任遺伝子産物の相互作用からcommon pathway（s）を探りゆく手法がsPDにおいて主たる研究の流れとなっている．本総説では通例の順序とは異なり，fPD各論を臨床的特徴と分子生物学的特徴について述べたのち，責任遺伝子産物の機能をまとめ，sPDの分子生物学的発症機序を考察したい．

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