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Neurological Surgery 脳神経外科41巻5号

2013年05月発行

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研究

くも膜下出血後の脳血管攣縮に対するcilostazolの効果についての検討

著者: 村橋威夫1 上山憲司1 原敬二1 尾崎充宣1 御神本雅亮1 中垣裕介2 中垣陽一2 中村博彦1

所属機関: 1中村記念病院脳神経外科 2滝川脳神経外科病院脳神経外科

ページ範囲:P.393 - P.400

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Ⅰ.はじめに

 くも膜下出血後の脳血管攣縮は予後を悪化させる重要な因子である.一度脳血管攣縮を生じると,高度な場合には遅発性神経学的虚血症状を呈する.その頻度は約30%で,そのうち10~15%程度は予後不良とされている17,27).現在,症候性脳血管攣縮の発症予防対策として,ドレナージや脳室脳槽灌流を使用した血腫除去,ウロキナーゼなどの抗凝固薬脳槽内投与,塩酸ファスジル投与などが行われている13,29).またtriple H療法の実施や症候性の場合にはballoon angioplastyや薬物の選択的動脈内注入などの治療を施行することもある.

 しかし,このような治療を行ってもなお高度な脳血管攣縮を引き起こし,それが原因で脳梗塞に陥り,永続的な後遺症や致死的な状態につながり得る.脳血管攣縮は単なる血管の攣縮と違い,出血後血管の狭窄まで数日間あり,1~2週間持続することが特徴である.脳血管攣縮に関しては,これまで分子生理学的研究や,動物実験などさまざまな方面からapproachがなされてきたが,未だその病態の全容解明には至っていないのが現状である.

 Cilostazolは,血管平滑筋細胞に存在するphosphodiesterase 3A(PDE3A)を阻害し血管平滑筋を弛緩させる作用をもつ抗血小板薬である.抗血小板薬であるため,当然のことながら血小板活性低下作用を有しているが,そのほかに血管拡張作用1),細胞接着因子の発現抑制24),内皮細胞機能改善8,9)などの多面的な効果を有していると言われている.今回,われわれはcilostazolのこのような多面的な作用に注目し,脳血管攣縮に対する予防効果について臨床像に着目して検討した.

参考文献

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掲載誌情報

出版社:株式会社医学書院

電子版ISSN:1882-1251

印刷版ISSN:0301-2603

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