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雑誌文献

Neurological Surgery 脳神経外科41巻8号

2013年08月発行

文献概要

連載 合併症のシステマティック・レビュー―適切なInformed Consentのために

(9)頚動脈ステント留置術

著者: 浅井琢美1 宮地茂1 泉孝嗣1 松原功明1 山之内高志1 太田圭祐1 織田惠子1 若林俊彦1

所属機関: 1名古屋大学医学部脳神経外科

ページ範囲:P.719 - P.729

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Ⅰ.はじめに

 本邦では1990年代より頚動脈ステント留置術(carotid artery stenting:CAS)が開始されたが,保険適応外使用による治療であった.頚動脈内膜剝離術(carotid endarterectomy:CEA)高危険群に対するCEA vs CASの無作為試験(randomized controlled trial:RCT)であるSAPPHIRE34)によりCASの非劣性が証明された.その結果を受けて,2008年4月より本邦においてCEA高危険患者に対するCASが保険収載され,本邦におけるCAS症例数は増加した.しかし,当初導入されたデバイスは,特にプロテクション性能の問題から,使用初期にわれわれは多くの合併症を経験した.さらに同時期にヨーロッパから発表された3つのRCT(EVA-3S18),SPACE31),ICSS16))の結果では,CAS群で有害事象が有意に多く,CAS施行を慎重に検討しなければならない状況となった.2009年以降,複数のメーカーから異なるデザインのステントや塞栓保護デバイスが続々とリリースされ,病変の特性やプラーク量・性状などによりデバイスを使い分けるtailored CASが行われるようになった.MiyachiらによるJapanese CAS survey(JCS)22)は本邦のCAS施行時期を3期(第1期:CAS承認前,第2期:CAS承認後,第3期:マルチデバイス時代)に分類し,第3期の成績が有意に良好であり,本邦におけるtailored CASの有用性を報告している.また,2010年にCREST6)によりCASのCEAに対する非劣性が証明され,再びCASの治療効果に期待が集まるようになった.

 今回は主として,前述したRCTを対象としてCAS合併症に焦点を当てて文献レビューおよび考察を行った.この領域は技術およびデバイスの進歩に伴って治療成績が改善していくため,現状を反映している比較的最近のcase series(CS)についても検討を行った.

 本稿のレビューにおいて検討した各文献間には対象症例,患者背景,使用デバイス,合併症の定義などの差異があるため,結果をまとめて解釈することには注意が必要である.個々の患者につき合併症頻度などを検討する際には,参考文献を参照いただきたい.

参考文献

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掲載誌情報

出版社:株式会社医学書院

電子版ISSN:1882-1251

印刷版ISSN:0301-2603

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