icon fsr

文献詳細

雑誌文献

Neurological Surgery 脳神経外科42巻3号

2014年03月発行

文献概要

連載 合併症のシステマティック・レビュー―適切なInformed Consentのために

(12)腰椎の除圧固定術

著者: 高橋敏行1 花北順哉1 渡邊水樹1 河岡大悟1 武部軌良1 北原孝宏1

所属機関: 1藤枝平成記念病院脊髄脊椎疾患治療センター

ページ範囲:P.249 - P.267

文献購入ページに移動
Ⅰ.はじめに

 腰椎の除圧固定術は,腰椎変性疾患をはじめ,外傷や腫瘍性病変,炎症性疾患などの多様な病変に対する外科治療適応症例に行われている.対象疾患により手術難度や治療成績,合併症発生頻度は大きく異なるため,これらをすべて網羅した合併症統計や分析は,データの分散が大きく解析の焦点が散漫となり理にかなわない.したがって,本稿では,最も頻度の高い腰椎変性疾患に対する腰椎除圧固定術に対象を絞り,手術合併症のシステマティック・レビューを行った.

 脊柱の加齢変形は,特に荷重負荷の大きい腰椎において年齢に相応し顕著となり,成人の腰椎MRIにおける横断的評価では40歳で約半数に椎間板変性所見を来し61),65歳以上の約20%で腰部脊柱管狭窄所見を認めている9).高齢化社会の加速に伴い日常診療で遭遇する機会は多く,保存的治療に抵抗性の症候性病変に対しては外科治療の介入が必要となり,症候学と画像診断との整合性を重視しつつ,病態やリスクを勘案し術式を選択しているのが現状である.機能的外科の役割が多く,いずれの手術法を選択するにしても,手術の安全対策とともに,手術合併症に対する十分な事前説明と有事の際の適切な対応が要求される.これまで合併症に関連する要因として,手術年齢,対象疾患,既存の全身疾患,肥満の有無,麻酔のリスク,骨粗鬆症の併存,手術侵襲度(出血量増多や多椎間手術など),固定術の有無,術者の経験,再手術例などが一般的に報告されている10,20,34,37,41,57,92,96,117)

 しかしながら,対象となる症例や病態,手術適応や術式の相違ばかりではなく,報告により合併症の定義は異なることが多く,その頻度は術後観察期間やスタディーデザインにも影響を受ける86).また,臨床上の有害事象ばかりでなく,画像上の問題点である放射線学的有害事象もときとして合併症の範疇とされる.さらに,近代脊髄脊椎外科における低侵襲手技や手術支援機器の開発,instrumentationの発展により従来と比較し手術が多様化しており,例えば“腰椎後方除圧”や“後方進入腰椎椎体間固定”といった術式においても統一した手技で行われているわけではなく,同一条件での比較が困難である.脊髄脊椎外科の歴史は古く,脳神経外科と整形外科の両科にわたり,かつ疾患罹患率も高いためこれまでの膨大な報告から,適切なデータを抽出し解釈するには慎重を要し,理想的な合併症分類や解析には問題も残る.しかしながら,各疾患や術式に応じた合併症頻度や傾向について論じた体系的レビューは少なく貴重であり,収集解析したデータが標準的な外科治療を行うにあたり,患者への適切なinformed consentの一助になれば幸いである.本稿では腰椎変性疾患の中でも代表的な腰椎椎間板ヘルニア,腰部脊柱管狭窄症,腰椎変性すべり症に対象を絞り,先天性側彎,腰椎後側彎,分離すべりなど特殊な病態は除外した.これらの手術において起こり得る周術期合併症を列挙し,その頻度や傾向を呈示し考察する.日本脊髄外科学会では,2007年より脊髄外科指導医により脊髄脊椎手術における合併症登録が施行され,学会機関誌「脊髄外科」に毎号その集計結果を掲載している.本邦の脳神経外科医における手術合併症発生頻度の参考値として,こちらもご参照いただきたい.

参考文献

1) Ahn Y, Kim JU, Lee BH, Lee SH, Park JD, Hong DH, Lee JH:Postoperative retroperitoneal hematoma following transforaminal percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy. J Neurosurg Spine 10:595-602, 2009
2) Ahn Y, Lee HY, Lee SH, Lee JH:Dural tears in percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy. Eur Spine J 20:58-64, 2011
3) Ahn Y, Lee SH:Postoperative spondylodiscitis following transforaminal percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy:clinical characteristics and preventive strategies. Br J Neurosurg 26:482-486, 2012
4) Ambrossi GL, McGirt MJ, Sciubba DM, Witham TF, Wolinsky JP, Gokaslan ZL, Long DM:Recurrent lumbar disc herniation after single-level lumbar discectomy:incidence and health care cost analysis. Neurosurgery 65:574-578, 2009
5) Anda S, Aakhus S, Skaanes KO, Sande E, Schrader H:Anterior perforations in lumbar discectomies. A report of four cases of vascular complications and a CT study of the prevertebral lumbar anatomy. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 16:54-60, 1991
6) Awad JN, Kebaish KM, Donigan J, Cohen DB, Kostuik JP:Analysis of the risk factors for the development of post-operative spinal epidural haematoma. J Bone Joint Surg Br 87:1248-1252, 2005
7) Best NM, Sasso RC:Success and safety in outpatient microlumbar discectomy. J Spinal Disord Tech 19:334-337, 2006
8) Bingol H, Cingoz F, Yilmaz AT, Yasar M, Tatar H:Vascular complications related to lumbar disc surgery. J Neurosurg (3 Suppl Spine) 100:249-253, 2004
9) Boden SD, Davis DO, Dina TS, Patronas NJ, Wiesel SW:Abnormal magnetic-resonance scans of the lumbar spine in asymptomatic subjects. A prospective investigation. J Bone Joint Surg Am 72:403-408, 1990
10) Bono CM, Lee CK:The influence of subdiagnosis on radiographic and clinical outcomes after lumbar fusion for degenerative disc disorders:an analysis of the literature from two decades. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 30:227-234, 2005
11) Booth KC, Bridwell KH, Eisenberg BA, Baldus CR, Lenke LG:Minimum 5-year results of degenerative spondylolisthesis treated with decompression and instrumented posterior fusion. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 24:1721-1727, 1999
12) Caner H, Bavbek M, Albayrak A, Altinörs TC:Ogilvie's syndrome as a rare complication of lumbar disc surgery. Can J Neurol Sci 27:77-78, 2000
13) Carragee EJ, Han MY, Yang B, Kim DH, Kraemer H, Billys J:Activity restrictions after posterior lumbar discectomy. A prospective study of outcomes in 152 cases with no postoperative restrictions. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 24:2346-2351, 1999
14) Cases-Baldó MJ, Soria-Aledo V, Miguel-Perello JA, Aguayo-Albasini JL, Hernández MR:Unnoticed small bowel perforation as a complication of lumbar discectomy. Spine J 11:e5-8, 2011
15) Cavuşoğlu H, Kaya RA, Türkmenoglu ON, Tuncer C, Colak I, Aydin Y:Midterm outcome after unilateral approach for bilateral decompression of lumbar spinal stenosis:5-year prospective study. Eur Spine J 16:2133-2142, 2007
16) Chen L, Yang H, Tang T:Cage migration in spondylolisthesis treated with posterior lumbar interbody fusion using BAK cages. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 30:2171-2175, 2005
17) Cho JY, Lee SH, Lee HY:Prevention of development of postoperative dysesthesia in transforaminal percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy for intracanalicular lumbar disc herniation:floating retraction technique. Minim Invasive Neurosurg 54:214-218, 2011
18) Cho KT, Im SH, Hong SK:Ureteral injury after inadvertent violation of the intertransverse space during posterior lumbar diskectomy:a case report. Surg Neurol 69:135-137, 2008
19) Choi G, Kang HY, Modi HN, Prada N, Nicolau RJ, Joh JY, Pan WJ, Lee SH:Risk of developing seizure after percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy. J Spinal Disord Tech 24:83-92, 2011
20) Cole JS 4th, Jackson TR:Minimally invasive lumbar discectomy in obese patients. Neurosurgery 61:539-544, 2007
21) Davis RA:A long-term outcome analysis of 984 surgically treated herniated lumbar discs. J Neurosurg 80:415-421, 1994
22) Davne SH, Myers DL:Complications of lumbar spinal fusion with transpedicular instrumentation. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 17 (6 Suppl):S184-189, 1992
23) Deer TR, Kapural L:New image-guided ultra-minimally invasive lumbar decompression method:the mild procedure. Pain Physician 3:35-41, 2010
24) Desai A, Ball PA, Bekelis K, Lurie JD, Mirza SK, Tosteson TD, Weinstein JN:Outcomes after incidental durotomy during first-time lumbar discectomy. J Neurosurg Spine 14:647-653, 2011
25) 江幡重人,佐々木真一,佐藤浩一,吉田裕俊,大川 淳,四宮謙一:腰部脊柱管狭窄症および腰椎変性すべり症に対する内視鏡下片側進入両側除圧術のラーニングカーブ.整形外科61:967-970, 2010
26) Elias WJ, Simmons NE, Kaptain GJ, Chadduck JB, Whitehill R:Complications of posterior lumbar interbody fusion when using a titanium threaded cage device. J Neurosurg 93 (1 Suppl):45-52, 2000
27) Epstein NE:Decompression in the surgical management of degenerative spondylolisthesis:advantages of a conservative approach in 290 patients. J Spinal Disord 11:116-122;discussion 123, 1998
28) Esses SI, Sachs B, Dreyzin V:Complications associated with the technique of pedicle screw fixation. A selected surgery of ABS member. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 18:2231-2238;discussion 2238-2239, 1993
29) Eustacchio S, Flaschka G, Trummer M, Fuchs I, Unger F:Endoscopic percutaneous transforaminal treatment for herniated lumbar discs. Acta Neurochir (Wien) 144:997-1004, 2002
30) Faraj AA, Webb JK:Early complications of spinal pedicle screw. Eur Spine J 6:324-326, 1997
31) Fernández-Fairen M, Sala P, Ramírez H, Gil J:A prospective randomized study of unilateral versus bilateral instrumented posterolateral lumbar fusion in degenerative spondylolisthesis. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 32:395-401, 2007
32) Fox MW, Onofrio BM, Hanssen AD:Clinical outcomes and radiological instability following decompressive lumbar laminectomy for degenerative spinal stenosis:a comparison of patients undergoing concomitant arthrodesis versus decompression alone. J Neurosurg 85:793-802, 1996
33) Fu KM, Smith JS, Polly DW Jr, Perra JH, Sansur CA, Berven SH, Broadstone PA, Choma TJ, Goytan MJ, Noordeen HH, Knapp DR Jr, Hart RA, Zeller RD, Donaldson WF 3rd, Boachie-Adjei O, Shaffrey CI:Morbidity and mortality in the surgical treatment of 10, 329 adults with degenerative lumbar stenosis. J Neurosurg Spine 12:443-446, 2010
34) Fu KM, Smith JS, Polly DW Jr, Ames CP, Berven SH, Perra JH, McCarthy RE, Knapp DR Jr, Shaffrey CI;Scoliosis Research Society Morbidity and Mortality Committee:Correlation of higher preoperative American Society of Anesthesiology grade and increased morbidity and mortality rates in patients undergoing spine surgery. J Neurosurg Spine 14:470-474, 2011
35) Garg B, Nagraja UB, Jayaswal A:Microendoscopic versus open discectomy for lumbar disc herniation:a prospective randomised study. J Orthop Surg (Hong Kong) 19:30-34, 2011
36) Gehri R, Zanetti M, Boos N:Subacute subdural haematoma complicating lumbar microdiscectomy. J Bone Joint Surg Br 82:1042-1045, 2000
37) Glassman SD, Dimar JR, Puno RM, Johnson JR:Salvage of instrumental lumbar fusions complicated by surgical wound infection. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 21:2163-2169, 1996
38) Goodkin R, Laska LL:Vascular and visceral injuries associated with lumbar disc surgery:medicolegal implications. Surg Neurol 49:358-370, 1998
39) Grane P, Josephsson A, Seferilis A, Tullberg T:Septic and aseptic post-operative discitsis in the lumbar spine--evaluation by MR imaging. Acta Radiol 39:108-115, 1998
40) 濱中秀昭,久保紳一郎,黒木浩史,花堂祥治,猪俣尚規,海田博志,日吉 優,山口志保子,帖佐悦男:腰部脊柱管狭窄症に対する顕微鏡視下拡大開窓術の術後成績.整・災外58:337-341, 2009
41) 花北順哉,水野正喜,諏訪英行,久保洋昭,朝日 稔,南 学,藤田晃司:腰部脊柱管狭窄症257例の検討.脊髄外科9:95-102, 1995
42) Hanakita J, Suwa H, Mizuno M:Surgical management of lumbar canal stenosis in the elderly. Neurol Med Chir (Tokyo) 39:519-523, 1999
43) 花北順哉:単独術者による脊髄・脊椎手術3,486件における合併症の検討.脳外誌16:632-643, 2007
44) Hatta Y, Shiraishi T, Sakamoto A, Yato Y, Harada T, Mikami Y, Hase H, Kubo T:Muscle-preserving interlaminar decompression for the lumbar spine:a minimally invasive new procedure for lumbar spinal canal stenosis. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 34:E276-280, 2009
45) Henriques T, Olerud C, Petrén-Mallmin M, Ahl T:Cauda equina syndrome as a postoperative complication in five patients operated for lumbar disc herniation. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 26:293-297, 2001
46) 平林洋樹,堤本高宏,三沢弘道,吉村康夫,下形光彦,江原宗平:腰椎椎間板ヘルニアに対する後方直視下手術後5年以上の長期成績.脊椎脊髄15:373-376, 2002
47) 平林 茂,熊野 潔,小川 裕,青田洋一,森 俊二:顕微鏡視下腰椎椎間板ヘルニア摘出術の有用性と限界 再手術例の検討を中心に.臨整外28:241-248, 1993
48) 本間隆夫,長谷川和宏:Spinal instrumentation surgeryの合併症.脊椎脊髄17:287-294, 2004
49) Hoogland T, van den Brekel-Dijkstra K, Schubert M, Miklitz B:Endoscopic transforaminal discectomy for recurrent lumbar disc herniation:a prospective, cohort evaluation of 262 consecutive cases. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 33:973-978, 2008
50) Hosono N, Namekata M, Makino T, Miwa T, Kaito T, Kaneko N, Fuji T:Perioperative complications of primary posterior lumbar interbody fusion for nonisthmic spondylolistehsis:analysis of risk factor. J Neurosurg Spine 9:403-407, 2008
51) 池田義和,山縣正庸,中島文毅,平山次郎:Flexible sheathを用いた内視鏡下手術による腰椎椎間板ヘルニア摘出術.脊椎脊髄19:781-786, 2006
52) 生田 光,田中孝幸,合志光平,有馬準一,中野壮一郎,佐々木宏介,楊 昌樹,深川真吾,大賀正義:後方侵入脊椎内視鏡視下手術の短期成績と問題点.臨整外40:989-997, 2005
53) 今栄信治,五十嵐正至,小山素麿:腰椎ヘルニア術後椎間板炎の検討.No Shinkei Geka 24:149-155, 1996
54) 伊藤不二夫:経皮的内視鏡下腰椎椎間板ヘルニア摘出術.3つの手術法と適応.中部整災誌51:1053-1061, 2008
55) Jansson KA, Németh G, Granath F, Blomqvist P:Spinal stenosis re-operation rate in Sweden is 11% at 10 years--a national analysis of 9, 664 operations. Eur Spine J 14:659-663, 2005
56) Jhawar BS, Mitsis D, Duggal N:Wrong-sided and wrong-level neurosurgery:a national survey. J Neurosurg Spine 7:467-472, 2007
57) Kalanithi PS, Patil CG, Boakye M:National complication rates and disposition after posterior lumbar fusion for acquired spondylolisthesis. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 34:1963-1969, 2009
58) 金村在哲,井口哲弘,三浦寿一,佐藤啓三,笠原孝一,栗原 章:腰部脊柱管狭窄症に対する非固定広範椎弓切除術と固定併用術との術後成績の比較.日本腰痛会誌11:204-209, 2005
59) 片山良仁,松山幸弘,吉原永武,酒井義人,中村博司,中島正二郎,石黒直樹:顕微鏡視下腰椎椎間板ヘルニア摘出術とLove法によるヘルニア摘出術の手術成績.同一術者による前向き研究.臨整外40:365-369, 2005
60) 紀 武志,花北順哉,高橋敏行,南 学,北浜義博,尾上信二,伊藤圭介,長久 功:腰部脊柱管狭窄症に対する一側進入両側黄色靱帯切除術の治療成績.脊髄外科23:183-188, 2009
61) Kjaer P, Leboeuf-Yde C, Korsholm L, Sorensen JS, Bendix T:Magnetic resonance imaging and low back pain in adults:a diagnostic imaging study of 40-year-old men and women. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 30:1173-1180, 2005
62) 小林 奏,味八木二郎,徳永茂行,森下益多朗:不安定性を有する腰椎椎間板ヘルニアに対するMED法の検討.J Spine Res 3:1148-1153, 2012
63) Komp M, Hahn P, Merk H, Godolias G, Ruetten S:Bilateral operation of lumbar degenerative central spinal stenosis in full-endoscopic interlaminar technique with unilateral approach:prospective 2-year results of 74 patients. J Spinal Disord Tech 24:281-287, 2011
64) 紺野慎一,菊地臣一:腰椎変性すべり症の治療.非固定とGraf制動術,後側方固定術併用との比較.骨・関節・靱帯16:1323-1329, 2003
65) Krishna M, Pollock RD, Bhatia C:Incidence, etiology, classification, and management of neuralgia after posterior lumbar interbody fusion surgery in 226 patients. Spine J 8:374-379, 2008
66) Kristof RA, Aliashkevich AF, Schuster M, Meyer B, Urbach H, Schramm J:Degenerative lumbar spondylolisthesis-induced radicular compression:nonfusion-related decompression in selected patients without hypermobility on flexion-extension radiographs. J Neurosurg 97 (3 Suppl):281-286, 2002
67) Kulkarni SS, Lowery GL, Ross RE, Ravi Sankar K, Lykomitros V:Arterial complications following anterior lumbar interbody fusion:report of eight cases. Eur Spine J 12:48-54, 2003
68) Kuo CH, Wang ST, Yu WK, Chang MC, Liu CL, Chen TH:Postoperative spinal deep wound infection:a six-year review of 3230 selective procedures. J Chin Med Assoc 67:398-402, 2004
69) Kuslich SD, Ulstrom CL, Griffith SL, Ahern JW, Dowdle JD:The Bagby and Kuslish method of lumbar interbody fusion. History, techniques, and 2-year follow-up results of United States prospective, multicenter trial. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 23:1267-1278, 1998
70) Lonstein JE, Denis F, Perra JH, Pinto MR, Smith MD, Winter RB:Complications associated with pedicle screws. J Bone Joint Surg Am 81:1519-1528, 1999
71) Malter AD, McNeney B, Loeser JD, Deyo RA:5-year reoperation rates after different types of lumbar spine surgery. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 23:814-820, 1998
72) 真鍋英喜,住田忠幸,藤原 靖:腰部脊柱管狭窄症に対する顕微鏡視下腰椎後方除圧術(semi-circumferential decompression:SCD).変性すべり症を中心として.J Spine Res 1:1254-1259, 2010
73) Martin BI, Mirza SK, Comstock BA, Gray DT, Kreuter W, Deyo RA:Reoperation rates following lumbar spine surgery and the influence of spinal fusion procedures. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 32:382-387, 2007
74) 松本守雄,西澤 隆,中村雅也,丸岩博文,千葉一裕,戸山芳昭:腰椎変性すべり症に対する後方手術例の成績.固定・非固定例の分析.臨整外38:271-277, 2003
75) 松本守雄,千葉一裕,石井 賢,小川祐人,高石官成,中村雅也,戸山芳昭:内視鏡下腰椎椎間板ヘルニア摘出術の短・中期成績.臨整外39:1525-1530, 2004
76) 松本守雄,千葉一裕,戸山芳昭:内視鏡下椎間板ヘルニア摘出術.その有用性と問題点.脊椎脊髄19:773-780, 2006
77) McGirt MJ, Parker SL, Lerner J, Engelhart L, Knight T, Wang MY:Comparative analysis of perioperative surgical site infection after minimally invasive versus open posterior/transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion:analysis of hospital billing and discharge data from 5170 patients. J Neurosurg Spine 14:771-778, 2011
78) 三上靖夫,柳澤和芳,長谷 斉,八田陽一郎,大久保直規,久保俊一:腰部脊柱管狭窄症に対する内視鏡下除圧術の臨床成績.中部整災誌49:693-694, 2006
79) 南出晃人,吉田宗人:高齢者腰部脊柱管狭窄症に対する後方内視鏡下除圧術.脊椎脊髄24:617-621, 2011
80) 水野順一,井上辰志,宮嵜章宏,滝 英明,市橋鋭一,松尾直樹:顕微鏡下手術による腰椎椎間板ヘルニア摘出術.脊椎脊髄19:760-765, 2006
81) Mody MG, Nourbakhsh A, Stahl DL, Gibbs M, Alfawareh M, Garges KJ:The prevalence of wrong level surgery among spine surgeons. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 33:194-198, 2008
82) 森本貴昭,安部倉 友,花北順哉,高橋敏行,渡邊水樹,河岡大悟,富永貴志,寺田行範:腰部脊柱管狭窄症再手術例の検討.脳外誌22:934-941, 2013
83) 中原進之介,田中雅人,竹内一裕,高田英一,森下嗣威:腰椎変性すべり症に対するmini ALIFの適応と手術成績の検討.骨・関節・靱帯16:1369-1375, 2003
84) 中村 豊,浅野 聡,飯田尚裕,木家哲郎,野原 裕:腰椎変性すべり症に対するpedicle screw system併用後側方固定術の治療成績.東日本整災誌16:219-223, 2004
85) 中西欣弥,花北順哉,田宮亜堂,吉田 守,瀧花寿樹,井水秀栄,平井達夫:腰椎椎間板ヘルニア再手術例の検討.脳外誌14:493-498, 2005
86) Nasser R, Yadla S, Maltenfort MG, Harrop JS, Anderson DG, Vaccaro AR, Sharan AD, Ratliff JK:Complications in spine surgery. J Neurosurg Spine 13:144-157, 2010
87) Nellensteijn J, Ostelo R, Bartels R, Peul W, van Royen B, van Tulder M:Transforaminal endoscopic surgery for lumbar stenosis:a systematic review. Eur Spine J 19:879-886, 2010
88) 日本脊椎外科学会脊椎手術調査報告.日脊会誌10:332-339, 1999
89) Odgers CJ 4th, Vaccaro AR, Pollack ME, Cotler JM:Accuracy of pedicle screw placement with the assistance of lateral plain radiography. J Spinal Disord 9:334-338, 1996
90) 小川 裕,熊野 潔,平林 茂,青田洋一,泉 康次郎:顕微鏡視下腰椎椎間板ヘルニア摘出術の手術成績.整形外科44:506-511, 1993
91) Park YK, Kim JH, Oh JI, Kwon TH, Chung HS, Lee KC:Facet fusion in the lumbosacral spine:a 2-year follow-up study. Neurosurgery 51:88-95, 2002
92) Pechlivanis I, Kuebler M, Harders A, Schmieder K:Perioperative complication rate of lumbar disc microsurgery depending on the surgeon's level of training. Cent Eur Neurosurg 70:137-142, 2009
93) Ragab AA, Fye MA, Bohlman HH:Surgery of the lumbar spine for spinal stenosis in 118 patients 70 years of age or older. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 28:348-353, 2003
94) Ramirez LF, Thisted R:Complications and demographic characteristics of patients undergoing lumbar discectomy in community hospitals. Neurosurgery 25:226-230, 1989
95) Rauzzino MJ, Shaffrey CI, Nockels RP, Wiggins GC, Rock J, Wagner J:Anterior lumbar fusion with titanium threaded and mesh interbody cages. Neurosurg Focus 7:e7, 1999
96) Rihn JA, Radcliff K, Hilibrand AS, Anderson DT, Zhao W, Lurie J, Vaccaro AR, Freedman MK, Albert TJ, Weinstein JN:Does obesity affect outcomes of treatment for lumbar stenosis and degenerative spondylolisthesis? Analysis of the Spine Patient Outcomes Research Trial (SPORT). Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 37:1933-1946, 2012
97) Roberts MP:Complications of lumbar disc surgery. pp161-170, (Hardy RW (ed):Lumbar disc disease ed2. Raven Press, New York, 1993)
98) Rohde V, Meyer B, Schaller C, Hassler WE:Spondylodiscitis after lumbar discectomy. Incidence and a proposal for prophylaxis. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 23:615-620, 1998
99) 佐野茂夫:脊椎instrumentationを用い多椎間固定を行った腰部脊柱管狭窄症の手術成績と問題点.骨・関節・靱帯9:1531-1541, 1996
100)佐野茂夫,唐司寿一:脊柱管狭窄を伴う腰椎変性すべり症に対する除圧矯正固定術の手技,成績:理論的根拠.日整会誌84:305-311, 2010
101)Sasso RC, Best NM, Mummaneni PV, Reilly TM, Hussain SM:Analysis of operative complications in a series of 471 anterior lumbar interbody fusion procedures. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 30:670-674, 2005
102)Sasso RC, Kenneth Burkus JK, LeHuec JC:Retrograde ejaculation after anterior lumbar interbody fusion. Transperitoneal versus retroperitoneal exposure. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 28:1023-1026, 2003
103)佐藤公昭,永田見生,密川 守,山田 圭,吉松弘喜,姜 英,角間辰之:腰椎椎間板ヘルニアに対する内視鏡下椎間板摘出術―METRx microdiscectomy systemのチュブラーレトラクターを用いた結果.久留米医会誌74:243-248, 2011
104)Saxler G, Krämer J, Barden B, Kurt A, Pförtner J, Bernsmann K:The long-term clinical sequelae of incidental durotomy in lumbar disc surgery. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 30:2298-2302, 2005
105)庄田 基,久野茂彦,井上辰志:腰椎変性すべり症に対する固定術の長期成績.脳外誌18:98-105, 2009
106)庄田 基:脳神経外科における脊椎(脊髄)手術に関する全国統計調査報告.脊髄外科27:103-105, 2013
107)Smith JS, Shaffrey CI, Sansur CA, Berven SH, Fu KM, Broadstone PA, Choma TJ, Goytan MJ, Noordeen HH, Knapp DR Jr, Hart RA, Donaldson WF 3rd, Polly DW Jr, Perra JH, Boachie-Adjei O:Rates of infection after spine surgery based on 108,419 procedures:a report from the Scoliosis Research Society Morbidity and Mortality Committee. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 36:556-563, 2011
108)Steffee AD, Biscup RS, Sitkowski DJ:Segmental spine procedures with pedicle screw fixation. A new internal fixation device for disorders of the lumbar and throracolumbar spine. Clin Orthop Relat Res 203:45-53, 1986
109)Strömqvist F, Jönsson B, Strömqvist B;Swedish Society of Spinal Surgeons:Dural lesions in lumbar disc herniation surgery:incidence, risk factors, and outcome. Eur Spine J 19:439-442, 2010
110)須田浩太,金田清志,鐙 邦芳,種市 洋,小熊忠教,藤谷正紀:腰椎後側方固定術の長期成績と椎体間固定要否の考察.脊椎脊髄13:701-708, 2000
111)菅原 淳,井須豊彦,金 景成,森本大二郎,磯部正則,松本亮司,小川 彰,小笠原邦昭:腰椎変性すべり症を伴う腰部脊柱管狭窄症に対する後方除圧術単独の治療成績.術後症状再燃例の検討.脊髄外科26:205-210, 2012
112)Sys J, Michielsen J, Mertens E, Verstreken J, Tassignon MJ:Central retinal artery occlusion after spinal surgery. Eur Spine J 5:74-75, 1996
113)Szolar DH, Preidler KW, Steiner H, Riepl T, Flaschka G, Stiskal M, Moelleken S, Norman D:Vascular complications in lumbar disk surgery:report of four cases. Neuroradiology 38:521-525, 1996
114)高橋 寛,和田明人,香取 勧,飯田泰明,横山雄一郎,原 学,勝呂 徹:腰椎椎間板ヘルニアに対する内視鏡下椎間板摘出術の治療成績.J Spine Res 1:1731-1735, 2010
115)高橋敏行,花北順哉,南 学,本多文昭,森 正如:腰仙椎instrumentation手術の合併症.脊椎脊髄22:1313-1318, 2009
116)高橋敏行,花北順哉,南 学,本多文昭,倉石慶太:不安定性を有する症候性腰椎すべり症におけるtransforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF) の治療経験.脳外誌19:484-489, 2010
117)Takahashi T, Hanakita J, Minami M, Kitahama Y, Kuraishi K, Watanabe M, Takeshima Y, Uesaka T:Clinical outcomes and adverse events following transforaminal interbody fusion for lumbar degenerative spondylolisthesis in elderly patients. Neurol Med Chir (Tokyo) 51:829-835, 2011
118)Takahashi Y, Sato T, Hyodo H, Kawamata T, Takahashi E, Miyatake N, Tokunaga M:Incidental durotomy during lumbar spine surgery:risk factors and anatomic locations:clinical article. J Neurosurg Spine 18:165-169, 2013
119)田中雅人,中原進之介,竹内一裕,壷内 貢,大野尚徳:内視鏡下腰椎椎間板ヘルニア摘出術(microendoscopic discectomy法)の経験.整形外科53:1627-1630, 2002
120)田中信弘,中西一義,亀井直輔,大田 亮,藤岡悠樹,越智光夫:腰部脊柱管狭窄症に対する片側進入両側除圧術の治療成績.中部整災誌56:615-616, 2013
121)谷 諭,阿部俊昭:顕微鏡下手術による腰椎椎間板ヘルニア摘出術.脊椎脊髄19:767-772, 2006
122)Tenenbaum S, Arzi H, Herman A, Friedlander A, Levinkopf M, Arnold PM, Caspi I:Percutaneous posterolateral transforaminal endoscopic discectomy:clinical outcome, complications, and learning curve evaluation. Surg Technol Int 21:278-283, 2011
123)Thalgott JS, Cotler HB, Sasso RC, LaRocca H, Gardner V:Postoperative infections in spinal implants. Classification and analysis--a multi-center study. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 16:981-984, 1991
124)Thomsen F, Amtoft O, Andersen M, Bøge-Rasmussen T, Jensen TT, Jensen LE, Jespersen S, Kruse A, Thomsen K:Iatrogenic dural lesions in lumbar neural decompressive surgery. Ugeskr Laeger 172:688-691, 2010
125)Tiusanen H, Seitsalo S, Osterman K, Soini J:Retrograde ejaculation after anterior interbody lumbar fusion. Eur Spine J 4:339-342, 1995
126)徳橋泰明,松崎浩巳,石川博人:ペディクルスクリューによる脊椎椎間固定術の合併症と予防.脊髄外科10:40-47, 1996
127)鳥越一郎,江幡重人,佐藤浩一,吉田裕俊,折井久弥,大川 淳:腰椎椎間板ヘルニアに対するLove法と内視鏡下ヘルニア摘出術(MED法)の中期成績の比較検討.J Spine Res 2:1338-1341, 2011
128)Tronnier V, Schneider R, Kunz U, Albert F, Oldenkott P:Postoperative spondylodiscitis:results of a prospective study about the aetiology of spondylodiscitis after operation for lumbar disc herniation. Acta Neurochir (Wien) 117:149-152, 1992
129)Tsou PM, Yeung AT:Transforaminal endoscopic decompression for radiculopathy secondary to intracanal noncontained lumbar disc herniations:outcome and technique. Spine J 2:41-48, 2002
130)Tullberg T, Isacson J, Weidenhielm L:Does microscopic removal of lumbar disc herniation lead to better results than the standard procedure? Results of a one-year randomized study. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 18:24-27, 1993
131)Türeyen K:One-level one-sided lumbar disc surgery with and without microscopic assistance:1-year outcome in 114 consecutive patients. J Neurosurg 99 (3 Suppl):247-250, 2003
132)Veeravagu A, Patil CG, Lad SP, Boakye M:Risk factors for postoperative spinal wound infections after spinal decompression and fusion surgeries. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 34:1869-1872, 2009
133)Weinstein JN, Lurie JD, Tosteson TD, Hanscom B, Tosteson AN, Blood EA, Birkmeyer NJ, Hilibrand AS, Herkowitz H, Cammisa FP, Albert TJ, Emery SE, Lenke LG, Abdu WA, Longley M, Errico TJ, Hu SS:Surgical versus nonsurgical treatment for lumbar degenerative spondylolisthesis. N Engl J Med 356:2257-2270, 2007
134)Weinstein JN, Tosteson TD, Lurie JD, Tosteson A, Blood E, Herkowitz H, Cammisa F, Albert T, Boden SD, Hilibrand A, Goldberg H, Berven S, An H:Surgical versus nonoperative treatment for lumbar spinal stenosis four-year results of the Spine Patient Outcomes Research Trial. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 35:1329-1338, 2010
135)Williams BJ, Sansur CA, Smith JS, Berven SH, Broadstone PA, Choma TJ, Goytan MJ, Noordeen HH, Knapp DR Jr, Hart RA, Zeller RD, Donaldson WF 3rd, Polly DW Jr, Perra JH, Boachie-Adjei O, Shaffrey CI:Incidence of unintended durotomy in spine surgery based on 108,478 cases. Neurosurgery 68:117-123, 2011
136)Wu X, Zhuang S, Mao Z, Chen H:Microendoscopic discectomy for lumbar disc herniation:surgical technique and outcome in 873 consecutive cases. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 31:2689-2694, 2006
137)山崎昭義,森田 修,菊地 廉:腰椎椎間板ヘルニアに対するMED(Micro Endoscopic Discectomy)法の手術成績と問題点.Love法との比較.東日本整災誌18:449-453, 2006
138)矢野俊介,飛騨一利,岩﨑喜信:脳神経外科医による脊椎・脊髄手術に関する全国統計:2004年全国アンケート調査の結果報告.脊髄外科19:299-305, 2005
139)安田宏之,田中 亨,国吉裕子,榎原恒之,松本富哉,鈴木亨暢:腰部脊柱管狭窄症に対する片側進入両側除圧術の治療成績.中部整災誌52:49-50, 2009
140)Yeung AT, Tsou PM:Posterolateral endoscopic excision for lumbar disc herniation:Surgical technique, outcome, and complications in 307 consecutive cases. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 27:722-731, 2002
141)吉田正弘,小堀 眞,神里 晋,上村正樹,小堀かおり:腰椎変性すべり症に対する椎弓根スクリュー併用腰椎固定術の治療成績と問題点.中部整災誌49:89-90, 2006
142)吉田宗人,中川幸洋,麻殖生和博,川上 守,安藤宗治,橋爪 洋,南出晃人:腰椎椎間板ヘルニアに対するMEDの適応と臨床成績.臨整外40:371-377, 2005
143)吉本三徳,宮川 健,竹林庸雄,井田和功,河村秀仁,山下敏彦:腰部脊柱管狭窄症に対する内視鏡下筋肉温存型椎弓間除圧術(ME-MILD)の臨床成績-2年以上経過例について.別冊整形外科63:173-177, 2013
144)Yun JH, Kim YJ, Yoo DS, Ko JH:Diffuse pneumocephalus:a rare complication of spinal surgery. J Korean Neurosurg Soc 48:288-290, 2010
145)Zimmerer S, Koehler M, Turtschi S, Palmowski-Wolfe A, Girard T:Amaurosis after spine surgery:survey of the literature and discussion of one case. Eur Spine J 20:171-176, 2011

掲載誌情報

出版社:株式会社医学書院

電子版ISSN:1882-1251

印刷版ISSN:0301-2603

雑誌購入ページに移動
icon up
あなたは医療従事者ですか?