1) Anderson CS, Heeley E, Huang Y, Wang J, Stapf C, Delcourt C, Lindley R, Robinson T, Lavados P, Neal B, Hata J, Arima H, Parsons M, Li Y, Wang J, Heritier S, Li Q, Woodward M, Simes RJ, Davis SM, Chalmers J;INTERACT2 Investigators:Rapid blood-pressure lowering in patients with acute intracerebral hemorrhage. N Engl J Med 368:2355-2365, 2013
2) Anderson CS, Huang Y, Wang JG, Arima H, Neal B, Peng B, Heeley E, Skulina C, Parsons MW, Kim JS, Tao QL, Li YC, Jiang JD, Tai LW, Zhang JL, Xu E, Cheng Y, Heritier S, Morgenstern LB, Chalmers J;INTERACT Investigators:Intensive blood pressure reduction in acute cerebral haemorrhage trial(INTERACT):a randomised pilot trial. Lancet Neurol 7:391-399, 2008
3) Arakawa S, Saku Y, Ibayashi S, Nagao T, Fujishima M:Blood pressure control and recurrence of hypertensive brain hemorrhage. Stroke 29:1806-1809, 1998
4) Arima H, Tzourio C, Anderson C, Woodward M, Bousser MG, MacMahon S, Neal B, Chalmers J;PROGRESS Collaborative Group:Effects of perindopril-based lowering of blood pressure on intracerebral hemorrhage related to amyloid angiopathy:the PROGRESS trial. Stroke 41:394-396, 2010
5) Chapman N, Huxley R, Anderson C, Bousser MG, Chalmers J, Colman S, Davis S, Donnan G, MacMahon S, Neal B, Warlow C, Woodward M;Writing Committee for the PROGRESS Collaborative Group:Effects of a perindopril-based blood pressure-lowering regimen on the risk of recurrent stroke according to stroke subtype and medical history:the PROGRESS Trial. Stroke 35:116-121, 2004
6) Cordonnier C, Al-Shani Salman R, Wardlaw J:Spontaneous brain microbleeds:systematic review, subgroup analyses and standards for study design and reporting. Brain 130:1988-2003, 2007
7) Fisher CM, Picard EH, Polak A, Dalal P, Pojemann RG:Acute hypertensive cerebellar hemorrhage:diagnosis and surgical treatment. J Nerv Ment Dis 140:38-57, 1965
8) Flynn RW, MacDonald TM, Murray GD, MacWalter RS, Doney AS:Prescribing antiplatelet medicine and subsequent events after intracerebral hemorrhage. Stroke 41:2606-2611, 2010
9) Furie KL, Kasner SE, Adams RJ, Albers GW, Bush RL, Fagan SC, Halperin JL, Johnston SC, Katzan I, Kernan WN, Mitchell PH, Ovbiagele B, Palesch YY, Sacco RL, Schwamm LH, Wassertheil-Smoller S, Turan TN, Wentworth D;American Heart Association Stroke Council, Council on Cardiovascular Nursing, Council on Clinical Cardiology, and Interdisciplinary Council on Quality of Care and Outcomes Research:Guidelines for the prevention of stroke in patients with stroke or transient ischemic attack:a guideline for healthcare professionals from the american heart association/american stroke association. Stroke 42:227-276, 2011
10) Goldstein LB, Amarenco P, Szarek M, Callahan A 3rd, Hennerici M, Sillesen H, Zivin JA, Welch KM;SPARCL Investigators:Hemorrhagic stroke in the stroke prevention by aggressive reduction in cholesterol levels study. Neurology 70:2364-2370, 2008
11) 後藤文男(慶應脳血管障害共同研究グループ):脳血管障害の治療と予後に関する多施設共同研究(第1報)被殻出血.脳卒中12:493-500, 1990
12) Haussen DC, Henninger N, Kumar S, Selim M:Statin use and microbleeds in patients with spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage. Stroke 43:2677-2681, 2012
13) インターベンション時代の脳卒中学(改訂第二版)上,日本臨牀社,東京,2006
14) インターベンション時代の脳卒中学(改訂第二版)下,日本臨牀社,東京,2006
15) Irie K, Yamaguchi T, Minematsu K, Omae T:The J-curve phenomenon in stroke recurrence. Stroke 24:1844-1849, 1993
16) Jeon SB, Kang DW, Cho AH, Lee EM, Choi CG, Kwon SU, Kim JS:Initial microbleeds at MR imaging can predict recurrent intracerebral hemorrhage. J Neurol 254:508-512, 2007
17) 金谷春之:高血圧性脳出血の治療の現況—全国調査の成績より.脳卒中12:509-524, 1990
18) Lee SH, Bae HJ, Yoon BW, Kim H, Kim DE, Roh JK:Low concentration of serum total cholesterol is associated with multifocal signal loss lesions on gradient-echo magnetic resonance imaging:analysis of risk factors for multifocal signal loss lesions. Stroke 33:2845-2849, 2002
19) Lovelock CE, Cordonnier C, Naka H, Al-Shahi Salman R, Sudlow CL;Edinburgh Stroke Study Group, Sorimachi T, Werring DJ, Gregoire SM, Imaizumi T, Lee SH, Briley D, Rothwell PM:Antithrombotic drug use, cerebral microbleeds, and intracerebral hemorrhage:a systematic review of published and unpublished studies. Stroke 41:1222-1228, 2010
20) Mendelow AD, Gregson BA, Rowan EN, Murray GD, Gholkar A, Mitchell PM;STICH Ⅱ Investigators:Early surgery versus initial conservative treatment in patients with spontaneous supratentorial lobar intracerebral haematomas(STICHⅡ):a randomised trial. Lancet 382:397-408, 2013
21) 脳卒中治療ガイドライン2015,協和企画,東京,2015(出版予定)
22) O'Donnell HC, Rosand J, Knudsen KA, Furie KL, Segal AZ, Chiu RI, Ikeda D, Greenberg SM:Apolipoprotein E genotype and the risk of recurrent lobar intracerebral hemorrhage. N Engl J Med 342:240-245, 2000
23) Ovbiagele B, Wing JJ, Menon RS, Burgess RE, Gibbons MC, Sobotkal I, German L, Shara NM, Fernandez S, Jayam-Trouth A, Edwards DF, Kidwell CS:Association of chronic kidney disease with cerebral microbleeds in patients with primary intracerebral hemorrhage. Stroke 44:2409-2413, 2013
24) Pantazis G, Tsitsopoulos P, Mihas C, Katsiva V, Stavrianos V, Zymaris S:Early surgical treatment vs conservative management for spontaneous supratentorial intracerebral hematomas:A prospective randomized study. Surg Neurol 66:492-501;discussion 501-502, 2006
25) PROGRESS Collaborative Group:Randomised trial of a perindopril-based blood-pressure-lowering regimen among 6,105 individuals with previous stroke or transient ischaemic attack. Lancet 358:1033-1041, 2001
26) Qureshi AI, Palesch YY:Antihypertensive Treatment of Acute Cerebral Hemorrhage(ATACH)Ⅱ:design, methods, and rationale. Neurocrit Care 15:559-576, 2011
27) Qureshi AI, Palesch YY, Martin R, Novitzke J, Cruz-Flores S, Ehtisham A, Ezzeddine MA, Goldstein JN, Hussein HM, Suri MF, Tariq N;Antihypertensive Treatment of Acute Cerebral Hemorrhage Study Investigators:Effect of systolic blood pressure reduction on hematoma expansion, perihematomal edema, and 3-month outcome among patients with intracerebral hemorrhage:results from the antihypertensive treatment of acute cerebral hemorrhage study. Arch Neurol 67:570-576, 2010
28) Sueda Y, Naka H, Ohtsuki T, Kono T, Aoki S, Ohshita T, Nomura E, Wakabayashi S, Kohriyama T, Matsumoto M:Positional relationship between recurrent intracerebral hemorrhage/lacunar infarction and previously detected microbleeds. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 31:1498-1503, 2010
29) Toyoda K, Koga M, Naganuma M, Shiokawa Y, Nakagawara J, Furui E, Kimura K, Yamagami H, Okada Y, Hasegawa Y, Kario K, Okuda S, Nishiyama K, Minematsu K;Stroke Acute Management with Urgent Risk-factor Assessment and Improvement Study Investigators:Routine use of intravenous low-dose recombinant tissue plasminogen activator in Japanese patients:general outcomes and prognostic factors from the SAMURAI register. Stroke 40:3591-3595, 2009