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Neurological Surgery 脳神経外科43巻3号

2015年03月発行

文献概要

連載 脳卒中専門医に必要な基本的知識

(8)脳静脈洞血栓症

著者: 伊藤康男1 荒木信夫1

所属機関: 1埼玉医科大学神経内科・脳卒中内科

ページ範囲:P.259 - P.268

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Ⅰ.はじめに
 脳静脈洞血栓症は,上矢状静脈洞,直静脈洞,横静脈洞などの脳の比較的太い静脈に血栓が生じ,脳の循環が障害され,梗塞を来す疾患である.上矢状静脈洞の閉塞などによって頭蓋内圧が上昇し,頭痛,意識障害,痙攣,運動障害,感覚障害,精神症状などを呈する.基礎疾患として,従来は感染症に関係したものが多かったが,抗生物質の進歩により感染症以外のものが多数報告されている.特に,妊娠・産褥に関係した症例,経口避妊薬服用の症例,悪性腫瘍に伴う症例などが報告されている.
 原因不明の頭痛,痙攣などを認めた際には,脳静脈洞血栓症の可能性も考慮すべきである.特に,妊娠・産褥に関係して意識障害,頭痛,痙攣などを認めた際には,専門医に早めに相談する.また,潰瘍性大腸炎などの消化器疾患でもときに脳静脈洞血栓症を来すことがあり,意識障害,頭痛,痙攣などの症状を認めた際には,本疾患も考慮する.
 近年,MR venographyにて静脈の閉塞が描出されるので診断が容易で,確実となってきたため,報告例も多くなっている.予後に関しても,従来は不良とされてきたが,最近では治療の進歩により以前よりよくなっているとの報告が多い.

参考文献

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掲載誌情報

出版社:株式会社医学書院

電子版ISSN:1882-1251

印刷版ISSN:0301-2603

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