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雑誌文献

Neurological Surgery 脳神経外科46巻3号

2018年03月発行

文献概要

症例

治療に難渋した急性硬膜外血腫の2例と外減圧術併用に関する考察

著者: 岡本貴成1 梅澤邦彦1 荻田庄吾1 黒崎邦和1 竹上徹郎1 木村聡志1

所属機関: 1京都第一赤十字病院脳神経外科

ページ範囲:P.227 - P.234

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Ⅰ.はじめに
 重症頭部外傷治療・管理のガイドラインによると,重症頭部外傷で脳ヘルニア徴候があるか,開頭術の適応のある症例,特に若年症例では外減圧術の併用を検討する15)とされている.しかし,難治性の頭蓋内圧亢進を伴う重症頭部外傷398症例を対象に,外減圧術群202例と内科的治療群196例に分け,転帰を比較したRESCUEicp Trialにおいて,死亡率は前者で有意に減少するものの,機能予後不良となるリスクは前者で有意に増加し,機能予後良好となった患者の割合に有意な差はなかったと報告されている10).さらに,頭部外傷に対する外減圧術では数々の合併症を伴う可能性があるため,慎重な対応が必要とされている21)
 急性硬膜外血腫(acute epidural hematoma:AEDH)に対する手術法としては,開頭血腫除去術が推奨されているが,脳浮腫や脳ヘルニア徴候を伴う場合は外減圧術の追加も考慮される6,15).AEDHを含め,重症頭部外傷に対する外減圧術の確固たる適応基準は未だなく,症例ごとにその適応を検討する必要がある.
 今回われわれは,治療に難渋したAEDHの2例をもとに,外減圧術併用にあたり注意すべき点について,若干の文献的考察を加えて報告する.

参考文献

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掲載誌情報

出版社:株式会社医学書院

電子版ISSN:1882-1251

印刷版ISSN:0301-2603

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