公衆衛生79巻9号

2015年09月発行

連載 ［講座］子どもを取り巻く環境と健康・7

喫煙，受動喫煙による児への影響—遺伝的ハイリスク群を含む

著者： 佐々木成子¹ 小林澄貴² 岸玲子²

所属機関： ¹北海道大学大学院医学研究科公衆衛生学分野 ²北海道大学環境健康科学研究教育センター

ページ範囲：P.637 - P.643

　喫煙は，がん，心疾患，呼吸器疾患や糖尿病など，様々な疾病を引き起こす最大の危険因子であるが，妊娠中の母親が喫煙すると，流死産や低出生体重(LBW)，乳幼児突然死症候群(SIDS)など，子どもの健康に大きな影響を及ぼす．中でも，LBWは成人期における高血圧，糖尿病，循環器疾患等のリスクを高める危険因子の一つである．また，胎児期のみならず，乳幼児期など発達初期においても受動喫煙の影響は大きく，成人してからの疾病や健康に影響を与える要因となっている．近年，薬物代謝に関わる遺伝子多型により疾患に対する個体感受性が異なることが明らかとなり，喫煙の場合も同じ曝露レベルであっても感受性の高い集団がいることが示唆されていることから受動喫煙対策を急ぐ必要がある．

参考文献

1)Sheung PN:Smoking during pregnancy:Subsequent effects on offspring immune competence and disease vulnerability in later life. Reprod Toxicol 23(3):428-437, 2007

2)Wisborg K, et al:Exposure to tobacco smoke in utero and the risk of stillbirth and death in the first year of life. Am J Epidemiol 154:322-327, 2001

3)Nabet C, et al. Smoking during pregnancy according to obstetric complications and parity:results of the EUROPOP study. Eur J Epidemiol 22:715-721. 2007

4)Habek D, et al. Fetal tobacco syndrome and perinatal outcome. Fetal Diagn Ther 17:367-371, 2002

5)Gluckman PD, et al:Living with the past:evolution, development, and patterns of disease. Science 305:1733-1736, 2004

6)Silvestri M, et al:Smoke Exposure, Wheezing, and Asthma Development:A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis in Unselected Birth Cohorts. Pediatr Pulmonol 50(4):353-362, 2015

7)Stephan-Blanchard E, et al:Perinatal nicotine/smoking exposure and carotid chemoreceptors during development. Respir Physiol Neurobiol 185(1):110-119, 2013

8)Lambe M, et al:Maternal smoking during pregnancy and school performance at age 15. Epidemiology 17(5):524-530, 2006

9)Batty GD, et al. Effect of maternal smoking during pregnancy on offspring's cognitive ability:empirical evidence for complete confounding in the US national longitudinal survey of youth. Pediatrics 118(3)：943-950, 2006

10)Huijbregts SCJ, et al. Interrelations between maternal smoking during pregnancy, birth weight and sociodemographic factors in the prediction of early cognitive abilities. Infant Child Dev 15(6)：593-607, 2006

11)Cheraghi M, et al:Environmental tobacco smoke(ETS)and respiratory health in children. Eur J Pediatr 168(8):897-905, 2009

12)Sasaki S, et al:Self-reported tobacco smoke exposure and plasma cotinine levels during pregnancy-A validation study in Northern Japan. Sci Total Environ 412-413:114-118, 2011

13)Leonardi-Bee J, et al:Environmental tobacco smoke and fetal health:systematic review and meta-analysis. Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed 93:F351-F361, 2008

14)Burke H, et al:Prenatal and Passive Smoke Exposure and Incidence of Asthma and Wheeze:Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Pediatrics 129(4):735-744, 2012

15)Jones LL, et al:Parental and household smoking and the increased risk of bronchitis, bronchiolitis and other lower respiratory infections in infancy:systematic review and meta-analysis. Respiratory Research 12:5, 2011

16)Hayes JD, et al:Glutathione S-transferase polymorphisms and their biological consequences. Pharmacology 61(3):154-166, 2000

17)Baccarelli A, et al:Aryl-hydrocarbon receptor-dependent pathway and toxic effects of TCDD in humans:a population-based study in Seveso, Italy. Toxicol Lett 149:287-293, 2004

18)Rybicki BA, et al:Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon-DNA adduct formation in prostate carcinogenesis. Cancer Lett 239:157-167, 2006

affect infant birth size in Japanese subjects. Mol Hum Reprod 12(2):77-83, 2006

20)小林澄貴，他：胎児期の母の受動喫煙と児の出生体重に関する最近の研究動向．北海道公衆衛生学雑誌28(2):37-48, 2015

. Am J Epidemiol 167(6):719-726, 2008