1)Global Commission on Drug Policy:War on Drugs:Report of the Global Commission on Drug Policy. https://www.globalcommissionondrugs.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/10/GCDP_WaronDrugs_EN.pdf
Marlatt GA, et al(ed):Harm Reduction, Second Edition:Pragmatic Strategies for Managing High Risk Behaviors. pp.3-35, The Guilford Press, New York, 2011
3)Khantzian EJ:The self-medication hypothesis of addictive disorders:focus on heroin and cocaine dependence. Am J Psychiatry 142:1259-1264, 1985
4)United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime:World Drug Report 2016. https://www.unodc.org/doc/wdr2016/WORLD_DRUG_REPORT_2016_web.pdf
5)法務省:平成30年版 犯罪白書.http://hakusyo1.moj.go.jp/jp/65/nfm/mokuji.html
6)Hazama K, et al:Factors associated with drug-related recidivism among paroled amphetamine-type stimulant users in Japan. Asian J Criminol 15:109-122, 2020
7)United Nations Office on Drug and Crime:World Drug Report2013. https://www.unodc.org/unodc/secured/wdr/wdr2013/World_Drug_Report_2013.pdf
8)United Nations Office on Drug and Crime:World Drug Report2016. https://www.unodc.org/doc/wdr2016/WORLD_DRUG_REPORT_2016_web.pdf