臨床眼科65巻8号

2011年08月発行

連載 眼科医にもわかる生理活性物質と眼疾患の基本・20

―臨床編：各種眼疾患と生理活性物質とのかかわり―緑内障

著者： 北岡康史¹

所属機関： ¹聖マリアンナ医科大学眼科学教室

ページ範囲：P.1212 - P.1215

はじめに

　緑内障は古典的には，高眼圧により視神経軸索が篩状板付近で機械的絞扼を受けるために起こる，もしくは脳からの逆行性軸索輸送に乗った神経栄養因子（brain-derived neurotrophic factor：BDNF）がそこでブロックされるため起こるとされている。さらに近年はグリアの活性説，微小循環障害説，炎症性サイトカイン説，免疫異常説，活性酸素説に加え，加齢と遺伝的背景が組み合わさって緑内障は発症すると考えられている。本項では，これら多因子の原因のなかでも，緑内障の病態生理に関与していると考えられている生理活性物質を中心に解説したい。

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