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文献詳細

雑誌文献

臨床眼科69巻13号

2015年12月発行

文献概要

特集 これからの眼底血管評価法

Laser speckle flowgraphy

著者: 小暮朗子12

所属機関: 1東京女子医科大学眼科学教室 2東京女子医科大学・女性医師・研究者支援センター

ページ範囲:P.1764 - P.1773

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はじめに

 これまで長きにわたり,眼底の血流動態に関する研究が蓄積されている。動物実験の血流速度測定の試みとして,主にマイクロスフェア法1)および水素クリアランス法2)を用いた研究が挙げられる。いずれも組織の血流量を絶対値で評価できる測定法であるが,個体への侵襲が大きいため臨床応用は不可能であった。その後,人の眼底血流速度測定として,laser Doppler法が開発された3)。Rivaら4)は,人眼の網膜血管からドプラ信号を検出することに成功し,反射レーザー光を2か所から眼底に照射することで血流速度の絶対値を得ることを可能とした。これを用い国内外において多くの研究が報告され,眼底血流動態研究の幕開けとなった5)

 一方,laser speckle flowgraphy(LSFG)は,わが国発信の眼底血流測定機器である6)(図1a)。開発当初は,1回で眼底を走査する領域は1mm×1mmと狭小であったが,現在では8.6mm×4.6mm(画角21°)までに拡大した(図1b)。現行型LSFG-NAVI(ソフトケア社/NIDEK社)では,臨床医の要望に合致したさまざまな解析ソフトを搭載した,独自性の高い血流解析装置に進化している。2009年の保険収載から「眼底カメラⅡ(蛍光眼底造影検査)」で算定することができるようになり,国内に急速に普及した。LSFGは,造影検査と異なり非侵襲的で,測定も短時間で簡便であるうえ,血流のリアルタイムの定量評価が可能である。本稿では,LSFGの基本的な原理,測定方法ならびに臨床的有用性について紹介する。

参考文献

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掲載誌情報

出版社:株式会社医学書院

電子版ISSN:1882-1308

印刷版ISSN:0370-5579

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