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雑誌文献

臨床眼科71巻1号

2017年01月発行

文献概要

特集 眼疾患の一次予防と二次予防—眼疾患はどこまで予防可能か?

近視・強度近視の一次予防と二次予防

著者: 長岡奈都子1 大野京子1

所属機関: 1東京医科歯科大学眼科学教室

ページ範囲:P.44 - P.51

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はじめに

 近視の有病率は世界的に増加傾向にある。特に日本や台湾,シンガポールを含む東南・東アジア地域において急増しており,欧米でも近年,近視の患者数は増加傾向にある。また,Holdenら1)のメタ解析では,全世界における近視有病率は2000年の22.9%から2050年には49.8%に増加すると予測されている。さらに,強度近視(病的近視)はわが国の主要な失明原因であり,平成17(2005)年度厚生労働省網膜脈絡膜・視神経萎縮症調査研究班の報告書2)では,視覚障害認定(等級6級以上)の原因疾患として,緑内障・糖尿病網膜症・網膜色素変性症・黄斑変性症に次いで5番目の原因であった。また,失明原因(視覚障害等級1級)では,緑内障・糖尿病網膜症・網膜色素変性に次いで4位であった。

 近視および強度近視(病的近視)の予防は世界的に重要な課題であり,本稿では近年における疫学研究,臨床研究をもとに一次予防(表1)そして二次予防(表2)について述べる。

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掲載誌情報

出版社:株式会社医学書院

電子版ISSN:1882-1308

印刷版ISSN:0370-5579

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