1)Bukowski RM:Immunotherapy in renal cell carcinoma. Oncology 13:801-810, 1999
2)de Kernion JB, Sarna G, Figlin R, et al:The treatment of renal cell carcinoma with human leukocyte alpha-interferon. J Urol 130:1063-1099, 1983
3)Quesada JR, Swanson DA and Gutterman JU:Phase Ⅱ study of interferon alpha in metastatic renal-cell carcinoma:a progress report. J Clin Oncol 3:1086-1092, 1985
4)Quesada JR, Rios A, Swanson DA, et al:Antitumor activity of recombinant-derived interferon alpha in metastatic renal cell carcinoma. J Clin Oncol 3:1522-1528, 1985
5)de Kernion JB:Treatment of advanced renal cell carcinoma. J Urol 130:2-7, 1983
6)Neidhart JA, Anderson SA, Harris JE, et al:Vinblastine fails to improve response of renal cell cancer to interferon-alpha-n1:high response rate in patients with pulmonary metastases. J Clin Oncol 9:832-837, 1991
7)Rinehart JJ, Young D, Laforge J, et al:Phase Ⅰ/Ⅱ trial of interferon-beta-serine in patients with renal cell carcinoma:immunological and biological effects. Cancer Res 47:2481-2485, 1987
8)Quesada JR, Kurzrock R, Sherwin SA, et al:Phase Ⅱ studies of recombinant human interferon gamma in metastatic renal cell carcinoma. J Biol Response Mod 6:20-27, 1987
9)Quesada JR, Talpaz M, Rios A, et al:Clinical toxity of interferon in cancer patients:a review. J Clin Oncol 4:234-243, 1986
10)Miyake H, Kurahashi T, Takenaka A, et al:Clinical outcome of combined immunotherapy with interferon-α and low-dose interleukin-2 for Japanese patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma. Urol Oncol 23, 2008(Epub)
11)Atzpodien J, Kirchner H, Jonas U, et al:Interleukin-2 and interferon-alpha-2a-based immunotherapy in advanced renal cell carcinoma:a prospectively randomized trial of the German Cooperative Renal Carcinoma Chemoimmunotherapy Group(DGCN). J Clin Oncol 22:1188-1194, 2004
12)Atzpodien J, Kirchner H, Illeger HJ, et al:IL-2 in combination with IFN-α and 5-FU versus tamoxifen in metastatic renal cell carcinoma:long term results of a controlled clinical trial. Br J Cancer 85:1130-1136, 2001
13)Boccardo F, Rubagotti A, Canobbio L, et al:Interleukin-2, interferon-α and interleukin-2 plus interferon-α in renal cell carcinoma:a randomized phase Ⅱ trial. Tumori 84:534-539, 1998
14)Henrikkson R, Nilsson S, Colleen S, et al:Survival in renal cell carcinoma-a randomized evaluation of tamoxifen vs interleukin-2, alpha-interferon(leukocyte)and tamoxifen. Br J Cancer 77:1311-1317, 1998
15)Negrier S, Escudier B, Lasset C, et al:Recombinant human interleukin-2, recombinant human interferon-alpha-2, or both in metastatic renal cell carcinoma. Groupe Francais d'Imuunotherapie. N Engl J Med 338:1272-1278, 1998
16)Lummen G, Goepel M, Mollhoff S, et al:Phase Ⅱ study of interferon-gamma versus interleukin-2 plus interferon-alpha2b in metastatic renal cell carcinoma. J Urol 155:455-458, 1996
17)Hotte S, Waldron T, Canil C, et al:Interleukin-2 in the treatment of unresectable or metastatic renal cell cancer:a systematic review and practice guideline. Can Urol Asso J 1:27-38, 2007
18)Ryan CW, Goldman BH, Lara PN Jr, et al:Sorafenib with interferon alpha-2b as first-line treatment of advanced renal carcinoma:a phase Ⅱ study of the Southwest Oncology Group. J Clin Oncol 25:3296-3301, 2007
19)Escudier B, Pluzanska A, Koralewski P, et al:Bevacizumab plus interferon alpha-2a for treatment of metastatic renal cell carcinoma:a randomized, double-blind phase Ⅲ trial. Lancet 370:2103-2111, 2007
20)Rini BI, Halabi S, Rosenberg JE, et al:Bevacizumab plus interferon alpha compared with interferon alpha monotherapy in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma:CALGB90206. J Clin Oncol 26:5422-5428, 2008
21)Motzer RJ, Hudes GR, Curti BD, et al:Phase Ⅰ/Ⅱ trial of temsirolimus combined with interferon alpha for advanced renal cell carcinoma. J Clin Oncol 25:3958-3964, 2007
22)Ito N, Eto M, Nakamura E, et al:STAT3 polymorphism predicts interferon-alpha response in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma. J Clin Oncol 25:2785-2791, 2007