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文献概要
要旨 癌に対する免疫療法は，生体に備わった免疫機構を利用する治療法であるが，これまでに科学的に治療効果を証明できず，実用化には至っていなかった。近年，樹状細胞ワクチン療法や新規抗体療法がFDAで承認を受けたこともあり，再び免疫療法が脚光を浴びている。これらの新規免疫療法の開発には腎癌，膀胱癌，前立腺癌も対象に含まれており，泌尿器癌への期待も高まっている。また，免疫療法特有の臨床効果が示されたことにより，臨床試験のデザイン設計や免疫学的バイオマーカーの探索も課題となっている。多くの可能性を秘めた癌免疫療法が今まさにパラダイムシフトのときを迎えている。
参考文献
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