1) Lee PA, Houk CP, Ahmed SF, et al : Consensus statement on management of intersex disorders. International Consensus Conference on Intersex. Pediatrics 118 : e488─500, 2006
2) 堀川玲子 : 性分化疾患診療ガイドライン. 小児内科46 : 864─872, 2014
3) Klinefelter HF, Reifenstein EC and Albright F : Syndrome characterized by gynecomastia, aspermatogenesis without a-Lydigism, and increased excretion of follicle-stimulating hormone. J Clin Endocrinol 2 : 615─627, 1942
4) Abramsky L and Chapple J : 47,XXY (Klinefelter syndrome) and 47,XYY : estimated rates of and indication for postnatal diagnosis with implications for prenatal counselling. Prenat Diagn 17 : 363─368, 1997
5) 宮川 康, 辻村 晃, 奥山明彦 : 男性不妊症と染色体異常 : クラインフェルター症候群・ロバートソン型転座. Urol View 6 : 72─76, 2008
6) Jacobs PA, Hassold TJ, Whittington E, et al : Klinefelter's syndrome : an analysis of the origin of the additional sex chromosome using molecular probes. Ann Hum Genet 52 : 93─109, 1988
7) Lorda-Sanchez I, Binkert F, Maechler M, et al : Reduced recombination and paternal age effect in Klinefelter syndrome. Hum Genet 89 : 524─530, 1992
8) Groth KA, Skakkebaek A, Høst C, et al : Klinefelter Syndrome - a clinical Update. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 98 : 20─30, 2013
9) 六車光英, 松田公志 : 妊孕性をめぐる諸問題─環境と生殖を考える─男性不妊症と染色体異常 : クラインフェルター症候群の病態を中心に. 産と婦65 : 912─918, 1998
10) Nakamura Y, Kitamura M, Nishimura K, et al : Chromosomal variants among 1790 infertile men. Int J Urol 8 : 49─52, 2001
11) Shin T, Iwahata T, Kobori Y, et al : Chromosomal abnormalities in 1354 Japanese patients with azoospermia due to spermatogenic dysfunction. Int J Urol 23 : 188─189, 2016
12) Tournaye H, Staessen C, Liebaers I, et al : Testicular sperm recovery in nine 47,XXY Klinefelter patients. Hum Reprod 11 : 1644─1649, 1996
13) Palermo GD, Schlegel PN, Sills ES, et al : Births after intracytoplasmic injection of sperm obtained by testicular extraction from men with nonmosaic Klinefelter's syndrome. N Engl J Med 338 : 588─590, 1998
14) Lanfranco F, Kamischke A, Zitzman M, et al : Klinefelter's syndrome. Lancet 364 : 273─283, 2004
15) Shi Q and Martin RH : Aneuploidy in human spermatozoa : FISH analysis in men with constitutional chromosomal abnormalities, and in infertile men. Reproduction 121 : 655─666, 2001
16) Foresta C, Galeazzi C, Bettella A, et al : High incidence of sperm sex chromosomes aneuploidies in two patients with Klinefelter's syndrome. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 83 : 203─205, 1998
17) Okada H, Goda K, Yamamoto Y, et al : Age as a limiting factor for successful sperm retrieval in patients with nonmosaic Klinefelter's syndrome. Fertil Steril 84 : 1662─1664, 2005
18) 重原一慶, 高 栄哲, 飯島将司, 他 : クラインフェルター症候群患者における性機能とホルモン値の関連性についての検討. 日本性機能学会雑誌27 : 7─13, 2012