1)Vogelstein B, Fearon ER, Hamilton SR, et al:Genetic alterations during colorectal-tumor development. N Engl J Med 319:525-532, 1988
2)Cunningham D, Humblet Y, Siena S, et al:Cetuximab monotherapy and cetuximab plus irinotecan in irinotecan-refractory metastatic colorectal cancer. N Engl J Med 351:337-345, 2004
3)Wood LD, Parsons DW, Jones S, et al:The genomic landscapes of human breast and colorectal cancers. Science 318:1108-1113, 2007
4)Baldus SE, Schaefer KL, Engers R, et al:Prevalence and heterogeneity of KRAS, BRAF, and PIK3CA mutations in primary colorectal adenocarcinomas and their corresponding metastases. Clin Cancer Res 16:790-799, 2010
5)Thirlwell C, Will OC, Domingo E, et al:Clonality assessment and clonal ordering of individual neoplastic crypts shows polyclonality of colorectal adenomas. Gastroenterology 138:1441-1454, 1454. e1-7, 2010
6)Leary RJ, Kinde I, Diehl F, et al:Development of personalized tumor biomarkers using massively parallel sequencing. Sci Transl Med 2:20ra14, 2010
7)Toyota M, Ahuja N, Ohe-Toyota M, et al:CpG island methylator phenotype in colorectal cancer. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 96:8681-8686, 1999
8)Weisenberger D, Siegmund K, Campan M, et al:CpG island methylator phenotype underlies sporadic microsatellite instability and is tightly associated with BRAF mutation in colorectal cancer. Nat Genet 38:787-793, 2006
9)Shen L, Toyota M, Kondo Y, et al:Integrated genetic and epigenetic analysis identifies three different subclasses of colon cancer. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 104:18654-18659, 2007
10)Wajapeyee N, Serra RW, Zhu X, et al:Oncogenic BRAF induces senescence and apoptosis through pathways mediated by the secreted protein IGFBP7. Cell 132:363-374, 2008
11)Suzuki H, Igarashi S, Nojima M, et al:IGFBP7 is a p53-responsive gene specifically silenced in colorectal cancer with CpG island methylator phenotype. Carcinogenesis 31:342-349, 2010
12)Cheng YW, Pincas H, Bacolod MD, et al:CpG island methylator phenotype associates with low-degree chromosomal abnormalities in colorectal cancer. Clin Cancer Res 14:6005-6013, 2008
13)Goel A, Nagasaka T, Arnold C, et al:The CpG island methylator phenotype and chromosomal instability are inversely correlated in sporadic colorectal cancer. Gastroenterology 132:127-138, 2007
14)Estécio MR, Gharibyan V, Shen L, et al:LINE-1 hypomethylation in cancer is highly variable and inversely correlated with microsatellite instability. PLoS One 2:e399, 2007
15)Ogino S, Kawasaki T, Nosho K, et al:LINE-1 hypomethylation is inversely associated with microsatellite instability and CpG island methylator phenotype in colorectal cancer. Int J Cancer 122:2767-2773, 2008
16)Kambara T, Simms LA, Whitehall VL, et al:BRAF mutation is associated with DNA methylation in serrated polyps and cancers of the colorectum. Gut 53:1137-1144, 2004
17)Spring K, Zhao Z, Karamatic R, et al:High prevalence of sessile serrated adenomas with BRAF mutations:a prospective study of patients undergoing colonoscopy. Gastroenterology 131:1400-1407, 2006
18)Boparai KS, van den Broek FJ, van Eeden S, et al:Hyperplastic polyposis syndrome:a pilot study for the differentiation of polyps by using high-resolution endoscopy, autofluorescence imaging, and narrow-band imaging. Gastrointest Endosc 70:947-955, 2009
19)Kondo T, Setoguchi T, Taga T:Persistence of a small subpopulation of cancer stem-like cells in the C6 glioma cell line. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 101:781-786, 2004
20)O'Brien CA, Pollett A, Gallinger S, et al:A human colon cancer cell capable of initiating tumour growth in immunodeficient mice. Nature 445:106-110, 2007
21)Yeung TM, Gandhi SC, Wilding JL, et al:Cancer stem cells from colorectal cancer-derived cell lines. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 107:3722-3727, 2010