1)Kingham TP, Pachter HL:Colonic anastomotic leak:risk factors, diagnosis, and treatment. J Am Coll Surg 208:269-278, 2009
2)Golub R, Golub RW, Cantu R Jr, et al:A multivariate analysis of factors contributing to leakage of intestinal anastomoses. J Am Coll Surg 184:364-372, 1997
3)Makela JT, Kiviniemi H, Laitinen S:Risk factors for anastomotic leakage after left-sided colorectal resection with rectal anastomosis. Dis Colon Rectum 46:653-660, 2003
4)Choi HK, Law WL, Ho JW:Leakage after resection and intraperitoneal anastomosis for colorectal malignancy:analysis of risk factors. Dis Colon Rectum 49:1719-1725, 2006
5)Trompetas V:Emergency management of malignant acute left-sided colonic obstruction. Ann R Coll Surg Engl 90:181-186, 2008
6)Miettinen RP, Laitinen ST, Makela JT, et al:Bowel preparation with oral polyethylene glycol electrolyte solution vs. no preparation in elective open colorectal surgery:prospective, randomized study. Dis Colon Rectum 43:669-675;discussion 675-667, 2000
7)Ram E, Sherman Y, Weil R, et al:Is mechanical bowel preparation mandatory for elective colon surgery? A prospective randomized study. Arch Surg 140:285-288, 2005
8)Beard JD, Nicholson ML, Sayers RD, et al:Intraoperative air testing of colorectal anastomoses:a prospective, randomized trial. Br J Surg 77:1095-1097, 1990
9)Urbach DR, Kennedy ED, Cohen MM:Colon and rectal anastomoses do not require routine drainage:a systematic review and meta-analysis. Ann Surg 229:174-180, 1999
10)Petrowsky H, Demartines N, Rousson V, et al:Evidence-based value of prophylactic drainage in gastrointestinal surgery:a systematic review and meta-analyses. Ann Surg 240:1074-1084;discussion 1084-1075, 2004
11)Yeh CY, Changchien CR, Wang JY, et al:Pelvic drainage and other risk factors for leakage after elective anterior resection in rectal cancer patients:a prospective study of 978 patients. Ann Surg 241:9-13, 2005
12)Peeters KC, Tollenaar RA, Marijnen CA, et al:Risk factors for anastomotic failure after total mesorectal excision of rectal cancer. Br J Surg 92:211-216, 2005
13)Tsujinaka S, Kawamura YJ, Konishi F, et al:Pelvic drainage for anterior resection revisited:use of drains in anastomotic leaks. ANZ J Surg 78:461-465, 2008
14)斉田芳久,高橋慶一,長谷川博俊,他:本邦における直腸癌術後の縫合不全に関する全国アンケート調査(第35回大腸疾患外科療法研究会アンケート調査結果).日本大腸肛門病会誌65:355-362, 2012
15)Xiao L, Zhang WB, Jiang PC, et al:Can transanal tube placement after anterior resection for rectal carcinoma reduce anastomotic leakage rate? A single-institution prospective randomized study. World J Surg 35:1367-1377, 2011
16)Matthiessen P, Hallbook O, Rutegard J, et al:Defunctioning stoma reduces symptomatic anastomotic leakage after low anterior resection of the rectum for cancer:a randomized multicenter trial. Ann Surg 246:207-214, 2007
17)Bruce J, Krukowski ZH, Al-Khairy G, et al:Systematic review of the definition and measurement of anastomotic leak after gastrointestinal surgery. Br J Surg 88:1157-1168, 2001
18)Hyman N, Manchester TL, Osler T, et al:Anastomotic leaks after intestinal anastomosis:it's later than you think. Ann Surg 245:254-258, 2007
19)Nicksa GA, Dring RV, Johnson KH, et al:Anastomotic leaks:what is the best diagnostic imaging study? Dis Colon Rectum 50:197-203, 2007