1)日本消化器病学会(編);胆石症診療ガイドライン2021(改訂第3版).南江堂,2021
2)Friedman GD, et al:The epidemiology of gallbladder disease:observations in the Framingham study. J Chronic Dis 19:273-292, 1966
3)日本胆道学会学術委員会:胆石症に関する2013年度全国調査結果報告.胆道28:612-617,2014
4)Festi D, AF Attili, et al:Natural history of gallstone disease:expectant management or active treatment? Results from a population-based cohort study. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 25:719-724, 2010
5)Friedman GD:Natural history of asymptomatic and symptomatic gallstones. Am J Surg 165:399-404, 1993
6)Barakos JA, et al:Cholelithiasis:evaluation with CT. Radiology 162:415-418, 1987
7)高田忠敬(編):急性胆管炎・胆囊炎診療ガイドライン2018[第3版].医学図書出版,2018
8)Goldman G, et al:Biliary colic treatment and acute cholecystitis prevention by prostaglandin inhibitor. Dig Dis Sci 34:809-811, 1989
9)Akriviadis EA, et al:Treatment of biliary colic with diclofenac:a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Gastroenterology 113:225-231, 1997
10)May GR, et al:Efficacy of bile acid therapy for gallstone dissolution:a meta-analysis of randomized trials. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 7:139-148, 1993
11)Tomida S, et al:Long-term ursodeoxycholic acid therapy is associated with reduced risk of biliary pain and acute cholecystitis in patients with gallbladder stones:a cohort analysis. Hepatology 30:6-13, 1999
12)Janssen J, et al:Long-term results after successful extracorporeal gallstone lithotripsy:outcome of the first 120 stone-free patients. Scand J Gastroenterol 36:314-317, 2001
13)Adamek HE, et al:Predictions and associations of cholecystectomy in patients with cholecystolithiasis treated with extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy. Dig Dis Sci 49:1938-1942, 2004
14)Diehl AK:Gallstone size and the risk of gallbladder cancer. JAMA 250:2323-2326, 1983
15)鈴木州美,他:胆囊小隆起性病変に対する肉眼的形態からみた臨床病理学的研究と外科的治療方針に関する研究.胆道10:305-311,1996
16)Misra S, et al:Carcinoma of the gallbladder. Lancet Oncol 4:167-176, 2003
17)DesJardins H, et al:Porcelain gallbladder:is observation a safe option in select populations? J Am Coll Surg 226:1064-1069, 2018
18)Ibrahim M, et al:Gallstones:watch and wait, or intervene? Cleve Clin J Med 85:323-331, 2018
19)Abboud PA, et al:Predictors of common bile duct stones prior to cholecystectomy:a meta-analysis. Gastrointest Endosc 44:450-455, 1996
20)Joyce WP, et al:Identification of bile duct stones in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Br J Surg 78:1174-1176, 1991
21)Chen W, et al:Diagnostic value of magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography in choledocholithiasis. World J Gastroenterol 21:3351-3360, 2015
22)Jendresen MB, et al:Preoperative routine magnetic resonance cholangio-pancreatography before laparoscopic cholecystectomy:a prospective study. Eur J Surg 168:690-694, 2002
23)Tse F, et al:EUS:a meta-analysis of test performance in suspected choledocholithiasis. Gastrointest Endosc 67:235-244, 2008
24)Suzuki Y, et al:Hepatolithiasis:analysis of Japanese nationwide surveys over a period of 40 years. J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Sci 21:617-622, 2014
25)田妻 進,他:肝内結石症.第8期全国横断調査.厚生労働科学研究費補助金 難治性疾患政策研究事業 難治性の肝・胆道疾患に関する調査研究 分担研究報告書.2021,pp 75-80
26)Kusano T, et al:Natural progression of untreated hepatolithiasis that shows no clinical signs at its initial presentation. J Clin Gastroenterol 33:114-117, 2001
27)古川正人,他:肝内結石症例の自然経過.胆と膵19:1021-1027,1998