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臨床婦人科産科62巻4号

2008年04月発行

文献概要

今月の臨床 産婦人科臨床の難題を解く─私はこうしている I 周産期管理 【妊娠管理】

5.切迫早産例におけるステロイド投与の是否は?

著者: 三谷穣1 松田義雄1

所属機関: 1東京女子医科大学産婦人科学教室

ページ範囲:P.378 - P.383

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1 ステロイドの効果

 早産児には呼吸窮迫症候群(respiratory distress syndrome : RDS),脳室内出血(intraventricular hemorrhage : IVH),脳室周囲白質軟化症(periventricular leukomalacia : PVL),壊死性腸炎(necrotizing enterocolitis : NEC),気管支肺異形成(broncho─pulmonary dysplasia : BPD),動脈管開存(patent ductus arteriosus : PDA),未熟児網膜症(retinopathy of prematurity : ROP)などのさまざまな合併症があり,死亡や後遺症の原因となっている.新生児の予後を改善するためには,早産を減少させることが重要であるが,やむなく早産に至る例も多い.このため,早産児の合併症を減らすための治療として,妊娠中の経母体ステロイド投与が行われている.ステロイドには胎児の細胞分化を促進し,肺胞サーファクタント分泌を促すだけでなく,各種臓器を成熟させる効果があるとされている1)

 1970年代より,ステロイド投与に関する数多くの臨床研究が行われ,その有用性が報告されてきた.1995年National Institutes of Health(NIH)はこれらの研究成果をまとめ2),ステロイド投与により,RDSは有意に減少し(OR : 0.5,95% CI : 0.4~0.5),IVHも有意に減少し(OR : 0.5,95%CI : 0.3~0.9),死亡率も有意に減少(OR : 0.6,95%CI : 0.5~0.8)し,短期的な児への副作用(感染症・副腎機能低下)は増加せず,長期の観察においても,児の発達・発育に悪影響を及ぼさないと報告した.

参考文献

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掲載誌情報

出版社:株式会社医学書院

電子版ISSN:1882-1294

印刷版ISSN:0386-9865

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