臨床婦人科産科62巻7号

2008年07月発行

今月の臨床 エキスパートに学ぶ―体外受精実践講座

培養液

著者： 荒木康久¹ 八尾竜馬² 荒木宏昌²

所属機関： ¹高度生殖医療技術研究所 ²扶桑薬品工業株式会社研究開発センター

ページ範囲：P.956 - P.961

文献概要

はじめに

　ヒト胚は，以前は体細胞培養用に開発された培養液や，平衡塩類，栄養素と患者血清からなる培養液を用いて培養されていた．しかし，前者は胚培養用に設計されたものではなく，構成成分の一部が胚発育に悪影響を及ぼすことが明らかにされた．後者は，胚の生理機能を保つために重要な役割を担うアミノ酸などの有効成分を欠いた単純な組成のものであった．これらの培養液はヒト胚を8細胞期まで発育させることはできたが，胚盤胞まで発育させることは困難であった．

　一方，近年の哺乳動物胚に関する研究の急速な進歩に伴い，ヒト胚の培養法は大幅に改善され，in vitroで胚盤胞まで発育させることが技術的に可能になり培養成績は著しく向上した．

　本稿では，はじめに，配偶子や胚の生理機能や生殖器道内環境について概説し，次いで主な培養液成分の役割とART（assisted reproductive technology）に用いられる培養液の現状と課題について述べる．

参考文献

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