1) Turner HH : A syndrome of infantism, congenital webbed neck, and cubitus valgus. Endocrinology 23 : 566─574, 1938
2) Ford CE, Jones KW, Polani PE, et al : A sex-chromosome anomaly in a case of gonadal dysgenesis(Turner's syndrome). Lancet I : 711─713, 1959
3) Ferguson-Smith MA : Karyotype-phenotype correlations in gonadal dysgenesis and their bearing on the pathogenesis of malformation. J Med Genet 2 : 142─155, 1965
4) Ras E, Weiss B, Fukumi M, et, al : Pseudoautosomal deletions encompassing a novel homeobox gene cause growth failure in idiopathic short stature and Turner syndrome. Nat Genet 16 : 54─63, 1997
5) Nielsen J, Wohlert M, Faaborg-Andersen J, et al : Incidence of chromosome abnormalities in newborn children. Comparison between incidences in 1969─1974 and 1980─1982 in the same area. Hum Genet 61 : 98─101, 1982
6) Maeda T, Ohno M, Matsunobu A, et al : A cytogenetic survey of 14,835 consecutive liveborns. Jpn J Hum Genet 36 : 117─129, 1991
7) Suwa S : Standards for growth and growth velocity in Turner's syndrome. Acta Paediatr Jpn 34 : 206─221, 1992
8) Pasquino AM, Passeri F, Pucarelli I, et al : Spontaneous pubertal development in Turner's syndrome. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 82 : 1810─1813, 1997
9) Hovatta O : Pregnancies in women with Turner's syndrome. Ann Med 31 : 106─110, 1993
10) Landin-Wilhelmsen K, Bryman I, Windh M, et al : Osteoporosis and fractures in Turner syndrome-importance of growth promoting and oetrogen therapy. Clin Endocrinol 51 : 497─502, 1999
11) Sybert VP : Cardiovascular malformations and complications in Turner syndrome. Pediatrics 101 : e11─e17, 1998
12) Cleemann L, Hjerrild BE, Lauridsen AL, et al : Long-term hormone replacement therapy preserves bone mineral density in Turner syndrome. Eur J Endocrinol 161 : 251─257, 2009
13) Suganuma N, Furuhashi M, Hirooka T, et al : Bone mineral density in adult patients with Turner's syndrome : Analyses of the effectiveness of GH and ovarian steroid hormones replacement therapies. Endocrine J 50 : 263─269, 2003
14) Foudila T, Soderstrom-Anttila V, Hovatta O : Turner's syndrome and pregnancies after oocyte donation. Hum Reprod 14 : 532─535, 1999
15) Oktay K, Rodriguez-Wallberg KA, Sahin G : Fertility preservation by ovarian stimulation and oocyte cryopreservation in a 14-year-old adolescent with Turner syndrome mosaicism and impending premature ovarian failure. Fertil Steril 94 : 753. e15─e19, 2010
16) Karnis MF, Zimon AE, Lalwani SI, et al : Risk of death in pregnancy achieved through oocyte donation in patients with Turner syndrome : a national survey. Fertil Steril 80 : 498─501, 2003
17) Chemausek SD, Attie KM, Cara JF, et al : Growth hormone therapy of Turner syndrome : the impact of age of estrogen replacement on final height. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 85 : 2439─2445, 2000
18) Carel JC, Ecosse E, Bastie─Sigeac I, et al : Quality of life determinants in young women with Turner's syndrome after growth hormone treatment : results of the Sta Tur population-based cohort study. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 90 : 1992─1997, 2005
19) Hogler W, Briody J, Moore B, et al : Importance of estrogen on bone health in Turner syndrome : a cross-sectional and longitudinal study using dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 89 : 193─199, 2004
20) Soriano-Guillen I, Coste J, Ecosse E, et al : Adult height and pubertal growth in Turner syndrome after treatment with recombinant growth hormone. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 90 : 5197─5204, 2005
21) Bondy CA, The Turner Syndrome Consensus Study Group : Care of girls and women with Turner syndrome : A guideline of the Turner Syndrome Study Group. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 92 : 10─25, 2007