臨床検査51巻12号

2007年11月発行

特集 遺伝子検査―診断とリスクファクター 4．遺伝子分析―リスクファクターの推定

2) アレルギー性疾患

著者： 吉田尚弘¹

所属機関： ¹独立行政法人理化学研究所・免疫アレルギー科学総合研究センターアレルギー免疫遺伝研究チーム

ページ範囲：P.1547 - P.1553

アレルギー疾患は環境因子と遺伝因子の複合で発症する

　西欧化したライフスタイルと近代化した衛生環境の中で，アレルギー疾患は生活習慣病とともに極めて大きな社会問題となっている．過去30年で先進諸国のアレルギー疾患患者の増加率は驚くべきものがあり，日本でも国民の20%以上はなんらかのアレルギー疾患に悩まされていると考えられている．

　日本で最も多いアレルギー疾患であるスギ花粉症が，文献上初めて報告されたのはわずか44年前，1963年のことである．大規模なスギの植林で大量の花粉が飛散し始めた時期と一致するだけでなく，工業化による大気汚染もスギ花粉症の発症に影響している．つまりアレルギー疾患発症の一因を担うのは環境素因である．

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