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臨床検査54巻9号

2010年09月発行

文献概要

今月の主題 糖尿病の病態解析 話題

膵β細胞定量法の開発―糖尿病の診断・治療,移植療法における役割

著者: 豊田健太郎1 稲垣暢也1

所属機関: 1京都大学大学院医学研究科糖尿病・栄養内科学

ページ範囲:P.1063 - P.1070

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1 . はじめに

 膵島からのインスリン分泌は,膵β細胞量と個々の膵β細胞機能によって規定される.1型糖尿病においては,急速に膵β細胞が特異的に破壊され,発症時にはすでに膵β細胞量は著明に減少しており,やがて完全に廃絶する.2型糖尿病においても,死後の剖検例における検証から糖尿病を有さないヒトに比して膵島量が減少していることが報告されている.一方,2型糖尿病の発症は,膵β細胞に備わる代償能の機能的あるいは量的な破綻によると考えられるが,その発症,進展の過程における膵島量の推移は不明な点が多い.さらに,インクレチン関連薬のように膵β細胞量を増加させる,あるいは減少を抑止する可能性のある薬剤も登場した.このような背景から,糖尿病発症・進展の病態,さらには治療薬選択や効果の理解のために,膵β細胞量を定量する技術の開発が強く求められている.

 また,臨床膵島移植では長期間良好な血糖コントロールを維持させるために,移植された膵島の生着を促進・維持させる重要性が指摘されている.現在,膵島保護や生着を促進させる補助療法の研究が行われているが,それらの効果判定のためにも膵β細胞量の定量評価が必要である.

参考文献

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掲載誌情報

出版社:株式会社医学書院

電子版ISSN:1882-1367

印刷版ISSN:0485-1420

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