臨床検査57巻1号

2013年01月発行

今月の主題2 ウイルス性胃腸炎

ウイルス性胃腸炎のワクチンによる予防

著者： 津川毅¹ 堤裕幸¹

所属機関： ¹札幌医科大学医学部小児科学講座

ページ範囲：P.77 - P.84

■現在ウイルス性胃腸炎のワクチン予防として，ロタウイルスワクチンのみが利用可能である．現行のロタウイルスワクチン（ロタリックスⓇ，ロタテックⓇ）の有効性と安全性は，大規模臨床試験で確認された．

■2009年には世界保健機関（WHO）がロタウイルスワクチン定期接種を勧奨し，世界120か国以上で認可され，約30か国で定期予防接種に組み込まれている．日本においても2011年にロタリックスⓇが，2012年にはロタテックⓇも認可されたが，接種回数の違い（2回と3回），腸重積症の副反応などの課題がある．

■今後はロタウイルスワクチン接種方法の明確化，ワクチン導入による疫学的変化をモニタリングすることが必要である．

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