臨床検査58巻7号

2014年07月発行

今月の特集2 夏に知っておきたい細菌性胃腸炎

コレラ菌・腸炎ビブリオ感染症の最近の動向―感染予防における公衆衛生対策の重要性を示唆

著者： 西渕光昭¹

所属機関： ¹京都大学　東南アジア研究所人間生態相関研究部門

ページ範囲：P.847 - P.854

●コレラ菌と腸炎ビブリオは，沿岸域の汽水中の魚介類汚染を介して，人に腸管感染症を起こす．

●コレラ菌は，淡水中でも生育でき，患者排泄菌が陸水汚染を介して，大規模な水系感染（二次感染）に発展する恐れがある．

●1996年頃に出現し腸炎ビブリオ新型菌によって汚染した二枚貝の輸出入による感染症の世界的大流行が起こった．

●WHO/FAOは，魚介類中の病原性ビブリオ属菌による感染予防対策の策定を促した．

●最近のアフリカの難民キャンプやハイチでのコレラの多発と，わが国での腸炎ビブリオ感染症例数の激減は，公衆衛生対策の重要性を示唆している．

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