精神医学53巻4号

2011年04月発行

シンポジウム 気分障害の生物学的研究の最新動向─DSM，ICD改訂に向けて

薬物療法からみた気分障害の症候学―DSM-ⅢからDSM-5への隘路

著者： 黒木俊秀¹

所属機関： ¹独立行政法人国立病院機構肥前精神医療センター

ページ範囲：P.363 - P.372

文献概要

双極性障害の概念とリチウム―歴史的展望

　1950年代に相次いで登場した各種の向精神薬は，従来の精神科医療を根底から変革するとともに，さまざまな精神疾患概念の発展にも大きな影響を与えた。とはいえ，精神薬理学の黎明期における研究者の直感的な主張がただちに学界全体に受け入れられたわけではなかった。

　たとえば，オーストラリアのCadeが動物実験の過程でリチウムの抗躁作用を見いだしたのは1949年であるが，米国食品医薬品局（FDA）が躁うつ病に対するリチウムの適用を認可するまでには実に20年の歳月を要した。その間にリチウムの有効性をめぐって激しい論争が繰り広げられた。

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