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特集 「大人の発達障害」をめぐる最近の動向
文献概要
抄録 女児および女性のASDについて文献的に検討するときには，その対象の年齢や知的水準によって男女比が異なることや，ASDの表現型や特徴が変化することに留意が必要となる。自閉症有病率の男女差は，知的に重度になるほど小さくなり，知的に重度の自閉症の女児の一群が，ごく少数ではあるが存在する。一方，成人期に高機能ASDと診断される，“カモフラージュ”によって特性の目立たない，しかし負荷が内在化しうつや不安を効率に合併する女性(および男性)たちが注目されるようになってきた。ASD者は医療ニーズが高く，ASD者へのさまざまな支援や介入が望まれる。成人期のASDの生活支援において，女性では友人などのインフォーマルなサポートの重要性が指摘されている。慢性疼痛などの訴えのあるときに，発達障害の背景を検討することは，治療プランに利する可能性があるかもしれない。
参考文献
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