胃と腸47巻13号

2012年12月発行

今月の主題 右側大腸腫瘍の臨床病理学的特徴 主題

右の結腸，左の結腸の発生学的・解剖学的差異

著者： 佐藤洋一¹

所属機関： ¹岩手医科大学解剖学講座細胞生物学分野

ページ範囲：P.1920 - P.1926

要旨　結腸は系統発生的にみて，哺乳動物になってから食物残渣を固形化するために発達・分化した区域で，種による差が大きい．ヒトの右側に位置する近位結腸と左側に位置する遠位結腸では，発生（中腸vs.後腸），血管支配（上腸間膜動脈vs.下腸間膜動脈），神経分布（交感神経：胸髄vs.腰髄，副交感神経：延髄vs.仙髄），生理機能（ゆっくりした動き，食物残渣の固形化vs.短時間に糞塊を送る），上皮細胞（杯細胞の粘液性状，Paneth細胞の存否など）に関して差異が認められる．その境界は横行結腸にあると言われているが，明瞭なものの線引きはできないし，またそれぞれの要素で想定されている境界が一致するかどうかも検証されていない．横行結腸は右あるいは左の結腸のいずれかに帰属させることはできないと思われる．

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