1)日本食道学会(編).臨床・病理食道癌取扱い規約,第11版.金原出版,2015
2)Tachimori Y, Ozawa S, Numasaki H, et al. Comprehensiveregistry of esophageal cancer in Japan, 2012. Esophagus 16:221-245, 2019
3)Makuuchi H, Takubo K, Yanagisawa A, et al. Esophageal malignant melanoma:analysis of 134 cases collected by the Japan Esophageal Society. Esophagus 12:158-169, 2015
4)山口智弘,塩飽保博,前田一也,他.食道原発悪性黒色腫の1例と本邦報告例(193例)の検討.日消誌 101:1087-1094, 2004
5)戸谷裕之,川島吉之,有馬美和子,他.術前診断に難渋した早期食道悪性黒色腫の1切除例.臨外 66:232-236, 2011
6)Fenoglio-Preiser CM, Noffsinger AE, Stemmermann GN, et al. Gastrointestinal Pathology:An Atras and Text, 3rd ed. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Philadelphia, 2007
7)McGovern VJ. Spontaneous regression of melanoma. Pathology 7:91-99, 1975
8)Zeff RA, Freitag A, Grin CM, et al. The immune response in halo nevi. J Am Acad Dermatol 37:620-624, 1997