胃と腸55巻5号

2020年05月発行

増刊号 消化管腫瘍の内視鏡診断2020

主題

—AI診断の現状と将来—下部消化管

著者： 工藤進英¹ 小川悠史¹ 森悠一¹ 前田康晴¹ 三澤将史¹ 工藤豊樹¹

所属機関： ¹昭和大学横浜市北部病院消化器センター

ページ範囲：P.751 - P.757

文献概要

●「考える内視鏡診断」のポイント
･大腸内視鏡AIは主に，大腸ポリープ検出・大腸腫瘍の病理組織診断予測・大腸癌の深達度の診断支援・潰瘍性大腸炎の診断支援をターゲットとする．
･CADeによる大腸ポリープ検出についてはex vivoの研究がほとんどであり，前向き研究の報告は少ない．そのため，エビデンスについては議論の余地が残り，慎重な解釈が必要である．
･CADxによる腫瘍鑑別能については，さまざまなモダリティで感度・特異度90%の高い診断能が報告されている．さらにT1b癌の診断についても高い診断能が報告されており，実用化が期待される．
･内視鏡AIを一般臨床で使用するためには，“医療機器”として薬事承認を取得する必要がある．2019年12月時点で，本邦で薬機法承認を受けている大腸内視鏡AIは“EndoBRAIN^®”のみである．

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