臨床整形外科45巻5号

2010年05月発行

境界領域／知っておきたい

造血幹細胞ニッチと骨芽細胞

著者： 新井文用¹

所属機関： ¹慶應義塾大学医学部発生・分化生物学

ページ範囲：P.458 - P.463

はじめに

　成体組織の幹細胞は自己複製と分化，さらには静止状態のバランスを保つことで，長期にわたりその幹細胞システム全体の恒常性を維持している．これには幹細胞周囲のニッチと呼ばれる特殊な微小環境からの制御が重要であり，幹細胞はその支持細胞(ニッチ細胞)と相互作用することで，生存，増殖，自己複製，分化が制御されている．

　現在では，多くの組織で幹細胞が同定され，その局在が解析されている．それにより造血系，筋肉，中枢神経系，腸管上皮，毛包，毛包間表皮，生殖細胞など，数々のニッチが明らかにされ，幹細胞維持のメカニズムについて研究が展開している．

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