1) Arce CA, Dohrmann GJ:Herniated thoracic disks. Neurol Clin 3:383-392, 1985
2) Awwad EE, Martin DS, Smith KR Jr:The nuclear trail sign in thoracic herniated disks. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 13:137-143, 1992
3) Boriani S, Biagini R, De lure F, et al:Two-level thoracic disc herniation. Spine 19:2461-2466, 1994
4) Bradford DS, McBride GG:Surgical management of thoracolumbar spine fractures with incomplete neurologic deficits. Clin Orthop 218:201-216, 1987
5) Bransford R, Zhang F, Bellabarba C, et al:Early experience treating thoracic disc herniations using a modified transfacet pedicle-sparing decompression and fusion. J Nurosurg Spine 12:221-231, 2010
6) Brown CW, Deffer PA Jr, Akmakjian J, et al:The natural history of thoracic disc herniation. Spine 17:S97-102, 1992
7) Carson J, Gumpert J, Jefferson A:Diagnosis and treatment of thoracic intervertebral disc protrusions. J Neurol Nurosurg Psychiatry 34:68-77, 1971
8) Crafoord C, Hiertonn T, Lindblom T, et al:Spinal cord compression caused by a protruded thoracic disc;report of a case treated with antero-lateral fenestration of the disc. Acta Orthop Scand 28:103-107, 1958
9) 出村 諭,川原範夫,村上英樹・他:経椎体前方除圧を行った第2/3胸椎椎間板ヘルニアの1例.臨整外41:71-76,2006
10) Fessler RG, Sturgill M:Review:complications of surgery for thoracic disc disease. Surg Neurol 49:609-618, 1998
11) Fujimura Y, Nishii Y, Nakamura M, et al:Anterior decompression and fusion for ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament of the upper thoracic spine causing myelopathy:using the manubrium splitting approach. Spinal Cord 34:387-393, 1996
12) Fujimura Y, Nakamura M, Matsumoto M, et al:Anterior decompression and fusion via the extrapleural approach for thoracic disc herniation causing myelopathy. Keio J Med 46:173-176, 1997
13) Haro H, Domoto T, Maekawa S, et al:Resorption of thoracic disc herniation. Report of 2 cases. J Neurosurg Spine 8:300-304, 2008
14) Hulme A:The surgical approach to thoracic intervertebral disc protrusions. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 23:133-137, 1960
15) Kawahara N, Tomita K, Murakami H, et al:Circumspinal decompression with dekyphosis stabilization for thoracic myelopathy due to ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament. Spine 33:39-46, 2008
16) Lesoin F, Rousseaux M, Autricque A, et al:Thoracic disc herniations:evolution in the approach and indications. Acta Neurochir (Wien) 80:30-34, 1986
17) Logue V:Thoracic intervertebral disc prolapse with spinal cord decompression. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 15:227-241, 1952
18) Love JG, Schorn VG:Thoracic-disc protrusions. JAMA 191:627-631, 1965
19) Mulier S, Debois V:Thoracic disc herniations:transthoracic, lateral, or posterolateral approach? A review. Surg Neurol 49:599-606, 1998
20) Nathan H:Osteophyte of the vertebral column. An anatomical study of their development according to age, race, and sex with considerations as to their etiology and significance. J Bone Joint Surg Am 44:243-268, 1962
21) Okada Y, Shimizu K, Ido K, et al:Multiple thoracic disc herniations:case report and review of the literature. Spinal Cord 35:183-186, 1997
22) Okuda S, Miyauchi A, Oda T, et al:Surgical complication of posterior lumbar interbody fusion with total facetectomy in 251 patients. J Neurosurg Spine 4:304-309, 2006
23) Okuda S, Oda T, Miyauchi A, et al:Surgical outcomes of posterior lumbar interbody fusion in elderly patients. J Bone Joint Surg Am 88:2714-2720, 2006
24) Ohnishi K, Miyamoto K, Kanamori K, et al:Anterior decompression and fusion for multiple thoracic disc herniation. J Bone Joint Surg Br 87:356-360, 2005
25) Otani K, Nakai S, Fujimura Y, et al:Surgical treatment of thoracic disc herniation using the anterior approach. J Bone Joint Surg Br 64:340-343, 1982
26) Otani K, Yoshida M, Fujii E, et al:Thoracic disc herniation. Surgical treatment in 23 patients. Spine 13:1262-1267, 1988
27) Patterson RH Jr, Arbit E:A surgical approach through the pedicle to protruded thoracic discs. J Neurosurg 48:768-772, 1978
28) 齋藤貴徳,市岡直也,小川浩司・他:脊髄症を呈した胸椎椎間板ヘルニアの手術療法 後方アプローチによる顕微鏡下椎間板摘出術.臨整外41:375-382,2006
29) 佐藤哲郎,田中晴久,国分正一・他:胸椎椎間板ヘルニアの後方手術と成績―transverso-arthropediculectomyを中心に.脊椎脊髄10:471-477,1997
30) Stillerman CB, Weiss MH:Management of thoracic disc disease. Clin Neurosurg 38:325-352, 1992
31) Stillerman CB, Chen TC, Day JD, et al:The transfacet pedicle-sparing approach for thoracic disc removal:cadaveric morphometric analysis and preliminary clinical experience. J Neurosurg 83:971-976, 1995
32) Stillerrman CB, Chen TC, Couldwell WT, et al:Experience in the surgical management of 82 symptomatic herniated thoracic discs and review of the literature. J Neurosurg 88:623-633, 1998
33) Wood KB, Blair JM, Aepple DM, et al:The natural history of asymptomatic thoracic disc herniations. Spine 22:529-530, 1997
34) 山本利美雄,宮内 晃,岩崎幹季・他:PLIFに追加したペディクル・スクリューの効果.脊椎脊髄13:191-197,2000
35) Yamazaki M, Mochizuki M, Ikeda Y, et al:Clinical results of surgery for thoracic myelopathy caused by ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament:operative indication of posterior decompression with instrumented fusion. Spine 31:1452-1460, 2006