1) Melrose J, Roberts S, Smith S, et al. Increased nerve and blood vessel ingrowth associated with proteoglycan depletion in an ovine anular lesion model of experimental disc degeneration. Spine 2002;27:1278-85.
2) Roberts S, Evans H, Trivedi J, et al. Histology and pathology of the human intervertebral disc. J Bone Joint Surg Am 2006;88 Suppl 2:10-4.
3) Choi H, Tessier S, Silagi ES, et al. A novel mouse model of intervertebral disc degeneration shows altered cell fate and matrix homeostasis. Matrix Biol 2018;70:102-122
4) Kwon WK, Moon HJ, Kwon TH, et al. The role of hypoxia in angiogenesis and extracellular matrix regulation of intervertebral disc cells during inflammatory reactions. Neurosurgery 2017;81:867-75.
5) Capossela S, Bertolo A, Gunasekera K, et al. VEGF vascularization pathway in human intervertebral disc does not change during the disc degeneration process. BMC Res Notes 2018;11:333.
6) Moon HJ, Yurube T, Lozito TP, et al. Effects of secreted factors in culture medium of annulus fibrosus cells on microvascular endothelial cells:Elucidating the possible pathomechanisms of matrix degradation and nerve in-growth in disc degeneration. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2014;22:344-54.
7) Kwon WK, Moon HJ, Kwon TH, et al. Influence of rabbit notochordal cells on symptomatic intervertebral disc degeneration:anti-angiogenic capacity on human endothelial cell proliferation under hypoxia. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2017;25:1738-46.
8) Sato J, Inage K, Miyagi M, et al. Inhibiting vascular endothelial growth factor in injured intervertebral discs attenuates pain-related neuropeptide expression in dorsal root ganglia in rats. Asian Spine J 2017;11:556-61.
9) Wako M, Haro H, Ando T, et al. Novel function of TWEAK in inducing intervertebral disc degeneration. J Orthop Res 2007;25:1438-46.
10) Ohba T, Haro H, Ando T, et al. TNF-alpha-induced NF-kappaB signaling reverses age-related declines in VEGF induction and angiogenic activity in intervertebral disc tissues. J Orthop Res 2009;27:229-35.
11) Wako M, Ohba T, Ando T, et al. Mechanism of signal transduction in tumor necrosis factor-like weak inducer of apoptosis-induced matrix degradation by MMP-3 upregulation in disc tissues. Spine 2008;33:2489-94.
12) Fujita K, Ando T, Ohba T, et al. Age-related expression of MCP-1 and MMP-3 in mouse intervertebral disc in relation to TWEAK and TNF-alpha stimulation. J Orthop Res 2012;30:599-605.