icon fsr

文献詳細

雑誌文献

理学療法ジャーナル52巻4号

2018年04月発行

文献概要

特集 変形性膝関節症に対する最新の保存療法

変形性膝関節症の理学療法における痛みの捉え方

著者: 平川善之1

所属機関: 1福岡リハビリテーション病院リハビリテーション部

ページ範囲:P.327 - P.335

文献購入ページに移動
痛みを捉えるために

 変形性膝関節症(knee osteoarthritis:以下,膝OA)は膝関節痛と機能障害によりADLおよびQOLの低下をもたらす疾患であり1,2),わが国の有病者数はX線画像上2530万人にのぼるとされ,うち有訴症者数は800万人に及ぶとの報告もある3).また膝OAなどの関節疾患は,介護保険法の要支援に至る第1要因4)とされている.これに対して,健康日本21では膝関節や腰部に痛みのある高齢者の割合が2010年は1,000人当たり男性218人,女性291人であるところを,2022年までに男性200人,女性260人に減少させることを目標に掲げている5).このように関節疾患による痛みへの対策は日本の重要な課題と位置づけられている.

 一方で,痛みとは感覚(痛みの部位や強度,種類などを識別した身体的痛み感覚)・情動(痛みにより生じる不快感)・認知(過去の経験などと照らし,その痛みの意義を分析,認識すること)の3つの側面を有しているとされる6).つまり痛みは侵害刺激により生じるもののみではなく,個人の来歴や痛みに対する感情など多くの要因が関与することを意味している.膝OA患者を診る際に,患者の訴える痛みが画像所見と必ずしも一致しない症例や,同程度の関節変形像でも,症例により痛みの部位や範囲ならびにその強度が異なることを経験するのは,症例ごとに痛み要因が異なることに起因する.このことから膝OAの痛みを的確に捉えるためには,痛みを生み,増悪させる要因を整理し,理解したうえで患者の痛みを評価する必要がある.

参考文献

1)Guccione AA, et al:The effects of specific medical conditions on the functional limitations of elders in the Framingham Study. Am J Public Health 84:351-358, 1994
2)Felson DT, et al:An update on the epidemiology of knee and hip osteoarthritis with a view to prevention. Arthritis Rheum 41:1343-1355, 1998
3)Muraki S, et al:Prevalence of radiographic knee osteoarthritis and its association with knee pain in the elderly of Japanese population-based cohorts:the ROAD study. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 17:1137-1143, 2009
4)厚生労働省:平成28年国民生活基礎調査の概況—Ⅳ 介護の状況.http://www.mhlw.go.jp/toukei/saikin/hw/k-tyosa/k-tyosa16/dl/05.pdf(2017年11月28日閲覧)
5)厚生労働省:健康日本21(第二次)分析評価事業:社会生活を営むために必要な機能の維持・向上に関する目標.http://www.mhlw.go.jp/seisakunitsuite/bunya/kenkou_iryou/kenkou/kenkounippon21/kenkounippon21/mokuhyou03.html(2017年6月1日閲覧)
6)松原貴子,他:Pain Rehabilitation—ペインリハビリテーション.pp8-9,三輪書店,2011
7)Bastick AN, et al:What are the prognostic factors for radiographic progression of knee osteoarthritis? A meta-analysis. Clin Orthop Relat Res 473:2969-2989, 2015
8)阿漕孝治,他:要因・病態—早期・初期膝OAと疼痛.Bone Joint Nerve 6:527-531,2016
9)福井尚志,他:要因・病態—早期OAにおける滑膜病変の意義.Bone Joint Nerve 6:511-518,2016
10)de Lange-Brokaar BJ, et al:Association of pain in knee osteoarthritis with distinct patterns of synovitis. Arthritis Rheumatol 67:733-740, 2015
11)Felson DT, et al:Synovitis and the risk of knee osteoarthritis:The MOST study. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 24:458-464, 2016
12)De Boer TN, et al:Serum adipokines in osteoarthritis;comparison with controls and relationship with local parameters of synovial inflammation and cartilage damage. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 20:846-853, 2012
13)Shimura Y, et al:The factors associated with pain severity in patients with knee osteoarthritis vary according to the radiographic disease severity:a cross-sectional study. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 21:1179-1184, 2013
14)Segal NA, et al:Is quadriceps muscle weakness a risk factor for incident or progressive knee osteoarthritis? Phys Sportsmed 39:44-50, 2011
15)Shakoor N, et al:Pain and its relationship with muscle strength and proprioception in knee OA:results of an 8-week home exercise pilot study. J Musculoskelet Neuronal Interact 8:35-42, 2008
16)Saari T, et al:Knee kinematics in medial arthrosis. Dynamic radiostereometry during active extension and weight-bearing. J Biomech 38:285-292, 2005
17)日本理学療法士学会:日本理学療法士学会診療ガイドライン.http://jspt.japanpt.or.jp/guideline/(閲覧日:2017年6月2日閲覧)
18)Mease PJ, et al:Pain mechanisms in osteoarthritis:understanding the role of central pain and current approaches to its treatment. J Rheumatol 38:1546-1551, 2011
19)Rienstra W, et al:The modified pain DETECT questionnaire for patients with hip or knee osteoarthritis:translation into Dutch, cross-cultural adaptation and reliability assessment. PLoS One 10:e0146117, 2015
20)Gölge UH, et al:Investigation of pain in osteoarthritic and neuropathic pain awareness. Acta Orthop Belg 81:639-646, 2015
21)Hochman JR, et al:The nerve of osteoarthritis pain. Arthrits Care Res(Hoboken) 62:1019-1023, 2010
22)日本ペインクリニック学会:ペインクリニックで扱う疾患と治療の現在 神経障害痛.https://www.jspc.gr.jp/igakusei/igakusei_shinkei.html(2017年11月5日閲覧)
23)Ohtori S, et al:Existence of neuropathic pain component in patients with osteoarthritis of the knee. Yonsei Med J 53:801-805, 2012
24)Hochman JR, et al:Neuropathic pain symptoms in a community knee OA cohort. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 19:647-654, 2011
25)Malfait AM, et al:Towards a mechanism-based approach to pain management in osteoarthritis. Nat Rev Rheumatol 9:654-664, 2013
26)Baliki MN, et al:Nociception, pain, negative moods, and behavior selection. Neuron 87:474-491, 2015
27)Suokas AK, et al:Quantitative sensory testing in painful osteoarthritis:a systematic review and meta-analysis. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 20:1075-1085, 2012
28)Neogi T, et al:Sensitivity and sensitisation in relation to pain severity in knee osteoarthritis:trait or state?. Ann Rheum Dis 74:682-688, 2015
29)Artndt-Nielsen L, et al:Pain sensitisation in osteoarthritis. Clin Exp Rheumatol 107:68-74, 2017
30)Arendt-Nielsen L, et al:Altered central sensitization and pain modulation in the CNS in chronic joint pain. Curr Osteoporos Rep 13:225-234, 2015
31)Artndt-Nielsen L, et al:Pain sensitisation in osteoarthritis. Clin Exp Rheumatol. 107:68-74, 2017
32)Arendt-Nielsen L, et al:A mechanism-based pain sensitivity index to characterize knee osteoarthritis patients with different disease stages and pain levels. Eur J Pain 19:1406-1417, 2015
33)Alshuft HM, et al:Cerebral cortical thickness in chronic pain due to knee osteoarthritis:The effect of pain duration and pain sensitization. PLoS One 11:e0161687, 2016. doi:10/1371/journal.pone.0161687. eCollection 2016
34)Kim SH, et al:Influence of centrally mediated symptoms on postoperative pain in osteoarthritis patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty:a prospective observational evaluation. Pain Pract 15:E46-53, 2015
35)Lluch E, et al:Evidence for central sensitization in patients with osteoarthritis pain:a systematic literature review. Eur J Pain 18:1367-1375, 2014
36)Nijs J, et al:Recognition and Treatment of Central Sensitization in Chronic Pain Patients:Not Limited to Specialized Care. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 46:1024-1028, 2016
37)Creamer P, et al:The relationship between psychosocial variables and pain reporting in osteoarthritis of the knee. Arthritis & Rheumatology 11:60-65, 1998
38)Riddle DL, et al:Psychological health impact on 2-year changes in pain and function in persons with knee pain:data from the Osteoarthritis Initiative. Osteoarthritis cartilage 19:1095-1101, 2011
39)Jinks C, et al:Predictors of onset and progression of knee pain in adults living in the community. A prospective study. Rheumatology(Oxford) 47:368-374, 2008
40)Sullivan MJL, et al:The Pain Catastrophizing Scale:Development and validation. Psychol Assess 7:524-532, 1995
41)松岡紘史,他:痛みの認知面の評価—Pain Catastrophizing Scale日本語版の作成と信頼性および妥当性の検討.心身医47:95-102,2007
42)Ikemoto T, et al:Relationship between biological factors and catastrophizing and clinical outcomes for female patients with knee osteoarthritis. World J orthop 8:278-285, 2017
43)Goodin BR, et al:Associations between catastrophizing and endogenous pain-inhibitory processes:sex differences. J Pain 10:180-190, 2009
44)平川善之,他:ビデオを用いた患者教育による術後痛および破局的思考の改善効果.PAIN RES 30:158-166,2015
45)Roos EM, et al:Osteoarthritis 2012 year in review:rehabilitation and outcomes. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 20:1477-1483, 2012
46)Keefe FJ, et al:Effects of spouse-assisted coping skills training and exercise training in patients with osteoarthritic knee pain:a randomized controlled study. Pain 110:539-549, 2004
47)Bennell KL, et al:A physiotherapist-delivered integrated exercise and pain coping skills training intervention for individuals with knee osteoarthritis:a randomised controlled trial protocol. BMC musculoskelet disord 13:129, 2012. doi:10/1186/1471-2474-13-129
48)Bennell KL, et al:Physical therapist-delivered pain coping skills training and exercise for knee osteoarthritis:randomized controlled trial. Arthritis Care Res(Hoboken) 68:590-602, 2016
49)Dunlop DD, et al:Relation of physical activity time to incident disability in community dwelling adults with or at risk of knee arthritis:prospective cohort study. Bmj 348:g2472, 2014. doi:10/1136/bmj.g2472
50)Blakemore SJ, et al:Spatio-temporal prediction modulates the perception of self-produced stimuli. J Cogn Neurosci 11:551-559, 1999
51)Catley MJ, et al:Is tactile acuity altered in people with chronic pain? A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Pain 15:985-1000, 2014
52)Stanton TR, et al:Tactile acuity is disrupted in osteoarthritis but is unrelated to disruptions in motor imagery performance. Rheumatology(Oxford) 52:1509-1519, 2013
53)de Oliveira DCS, et al:Can pain influence the proprioception and the motor behavior in subjects with mild and moderate knee osteoarthritis?. BMC musculoskeletal disorders 15:321, 2014. doi:10.1186/1471-2474-15-321
54)Cammarata ML, et al:Associations between frontal plane joint stiffness and proprioceptive acuity in knee osteoarthritis. Arthritis Res(Hoboken) 64:735-743, 2012
55)Chang AH, et al:Impaired varus-valgus proprioception and neuromuscular stabilization in medial knee osteoarthritis. J Biomech 47:360-366, 2014
56)Stanton TR, et al:Spatially defined disruption of motor imagery performance in people with osteoarthritis. Rheumatology(Oxford) 51:1455-1464, 2012
57)Shanahan CJ, et al:Organisation of the motor cortex differs between people with and without knee osteoarthritis. Arthritis Res Ther 17:164, 2015. doi:10.1186/s13075-015-0676-4
58)平川善之,他:変形性膝関節症患者におけるNeglect-Like Symptomsが疼痛に与える影響.慢性疼痛30:97-101,2011
59)Nishigami T, et al:Development and psychometric properties of knee-specific body-perception questionnaire in people with knee osteoarthritis:The Fremantle Knee Awareness Questionnaire. PLoS One 12:e0179225, 2017
60)Moseley GL, et al:Tactile discrimination, but not tactile stimulation alone, reduces chronic limb pain. PAIN 137:600-608, 2008

掲載誌情報

出版社:株式会社医学書院

電子版ISSN:1882-1359

印刷版ISSN:0915-0552

雑誌購入ページに移動
icon up
あなたは医療従事者ですか?