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雑誌文献

理学療法ジャーナル55巻7号

2021年07月発行

文献概要

Close-up PEW

PEW(Protein-energy wasting)

著者: 加藤明彦1

所属機関: 1浜松医科大学医学部附属病院血液浄化療法部

ページ範囲:P.780 - P.786

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はじめに

 慢性腎臓病(chronic kidney disease:CKD)の栄養障害には,図1に示すようにさまざまな要因が関与し,要支援・要介護,入院,死亡などの重大な転帰を引き起こす.従来,慢性炎症が主な要因の場合には動脈硬化性病変を合併しやすいため,Malnutrition,Inflammation and Atherosclerosis(MIA)症候群と呼ばれた1).しかし,CKDでは慢性炎症のみならず,食事摂取量の低下,尿毒素の蓄積,蛋白異化亢進,透析量不足,代謝性アシドーシス,透析排液からの栄養素の漏出など,さまざまな要因が複合的に関与して栄養障害を惹起し,体蛋白(骨格筋)やエネルギー源(体脂肪)の貯蔵を減らす(図1).そのため,国際腎疾患栄養代謝学会(International Society of Renal Nutrition and Metabolism:ISRNM)では腎臓病に伴った栄養障害をPEWと呼ぶことを提言し2),今では一般的な用語として定着している.

参考文献

1)Stenvinkel P, et al:Are there two types of malnutrition in chronic renal failure? Evidence for relationships between malnutrition, inflammation and atherosclerosis(MIA syndrome). Nephrol Dial Transplant 2000;15:953-960
2)Fouque D, et al:A proposed nomenclature and diagnostic criteria for protein-energy wasting in acute and chronic kidney disease. Kidney Int 2008;73:391-398
3)Hiroshige K, et al:Oral supplementation of branched-chain amino acid improves nutritional status in elderly patients on chronic hemodialysis. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2001;16:1856-1862
4)Sabatino A, et al:Sarcopenia in chronic kidney disease:what have we learned so far? J Nephrol 2020 Sep 2. doi:10.1007/s40620-020-00840-y. Online ahead of print.
5)日本腎臓学会サルコペニア・フレイルを合併したCKDの食事療法検討WG:サルコペニア・フレイルを合併した保存期CKDの食事療法の提言.日腎会誌2019;61:525-556
6)日本透析医学会学術委員会栄養問題検討ワーキンググループ:サルコペニア・フレイルを合併した透析期CKDの食事療法.透析会誌2019;52:397-399
7)Evans WJ, et al:Cachexia:a new definition. Clin Nutr 2008;27:793-799
8)Mazairac AHA, et al:A composite score of protein-energy nutritional status predicts mortality in haemodialysis patients no better than its individual components. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2011;26:1962-1967
9)Moreau-Gaudry X, et al:A simple protein-energy wasting score predicts survival in maintenance hemodialysis patients. J Ren Nutr 2014;24:395-400
10)Gracia-Iguacel C, et al:Criteria for classification of protein-energy wasting in dialysis patients:impact on prevalence. Br J Nutr 2019;121:1271-1278
11)Takahashi H, et al:Comparison of nutritional risk scores for predicting mortality in Japanese chronic hemodialysis patients. J Ren Nutr 2017;27:201-206
12)Ikizler TA, et al:Prevention and treatment of protein energy wasting in chronic kidney disease patients:a consensus statement by the International Society of Renal Nutrition and Metabolism. Kidney Int 2013;84:1096-1107
13)Kanda E, et al:A new nutritional risk index for predicting mortality in hemodialysis patients:Nationwide cohort study. PLoS One 2019;14:e0214524. Doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0214524
14)Carrero JJ, et al:Global prevalence of protein-energy wasting in kidney disease:a meta-analysis of contemporary observational studies from the International Society of Renal Nutrition and Metabolism. J Ren Nutr 2018;28:380-392
15)Yasui S, et al:Prevalence of protein-energy wasting(PEW)and evaluation of diagnostic criteria in Japanese maintenance hemodialysis patients. Asia Pac J Clin Nutr 2016;25:292-299
16)Kanazawa Y, et al:Diagnosis and prevalence of protein-energy wasting and its association with mortality in Japanese haemodialysis patients. Nephrology(Carlton)2017;22:541-547
17)Chen LMK, et al:Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia:2019 consensus update on sarcopenia diagnosis and treatment. J Am Dir Assoc 2020;21:300-307.e2. doi:10.1016/j.jamda.2019.12.012
18)Ikizler TA, et al:KDOQI Clinical Practice Guideline for Nutrition in CKD:2020 Update. Am J Kidney Dis 2020;76(Suppl 1):S1-S107
19)Antón-Pérez G, et al:Diagnostic usefulness of the protein energy wasting score in prevalent hemodialysis patients. J Renal Nutr 2018;26:428-434

掲載誌情報

出版社:株式会社医学書院

電子版ISSN:1882-1359

印刷版ISSN:0915-0552

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