理学療法ジャーナル57巻9号

2023年09月発行

Close-up 重力を意識する—人体機能・構造への影響

全身用立位CTを用いた重力下の人体の可視化

著者： 横山陽一¹ 山田祥岳¹ 山田稔¹ 池田織人¹ 陣崎雅弘¹

所属機関： ¹慶應義塾大学医学部放射線科

ページ範囲：P.1096 - P.1102

緒言

　ヒトは日常の多くの時間を立位で過ごし，立位で症状が増悪する疾患が数多くある．

　これまでcomputed tomography（CT）やmagnetic resonance imaging（MRI）といった横断像が撮影される画像診断では，臥位撮影により器質的疾患の定量・定性評価を行い，生命予後改善が目標とされてきた．

参考文献

1）Jinzaki M, Yamada Y, et al：Development of upright computed tomography with area detector for whole-body scans：Phantom Study, efficacy on workflow, effect of gravity on human body, and potential clinical impact. Invest Radiol 2020；55：73-83

2）Roberts DR, et al：Effects of spaceflight on astronaut brain structure as indicated on MRI. N Engl J Med 2017；377：1746-1753

3）Yokoyama Y, Yamada Y, et al：Effect of gravity on brain structure as indicated on upright computed tomography. Sci Rep 2021；11：392. doi：10.1038/s41598-020-79695-z

4）Kosugi K, Yamada Y, et al：Posture-induced changes in the vessels of the head and neck：evaluation using conventional supine CT and upright CT. Sci Rep 2020；10：16623. doi：10.1038/s41598-020-73658-0

5）Yamada Y, Yamada M, et al：Differences in lung and lobe volumes between supine and standing positions scanned with conventional and newly developed 320-detector-row upright CT：intra-individual comparison. Respiration 2020；99：598-605

6）Yamada Y, Yamada M, et al：Comparison of inspiratory and expiratory lung and lobe volumes among supine, standing, and sitting positions using conventional and upright CT. Sci Rep 2020；10：16203. doi：10.1038/s41598-020-73240-8

7）Narita K, Yamada Y, et al：Pelvic floor morphology in the standing position using upright computed tomography：age and sex differences. Int Urogynecol J 2020；31：2387-2393

8）Kaneda K, et al：Increase in tibial internal rotation due to weight-bearing is a key feature to diagnose early-stage knee osteoarthritis：a study with upright computed tomography. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2022；23：253. doi：10.1186/s12891-022-05190-3

9）Kikuchi S, et al：Relationship between hip joint proximity area and sagittal balance parameters：an upright computed tomography study. Eur Spine J 2022；31：215-224