理学療法ジャーナル58巻7号

2024年07月発行

特集 視覚障害を併存する対象者の理学療法を考える

視覚障害が姿勢制御や運動学習に与える影響

著者： 長谷川直哉¹

所属機関： ¹北海道大学大学院保健科学研究院

ページ範囲：P.779 - P.784

Point

●視覚障害を抱える対象者の多くは全盲に至らないロービジョンと呼ばれる病態である

●視覚障害が姿勢制御に与える影響および代償戦略は全盲患者を対象に明らかにされつつある一方で，ロービジョンに対しては今後のさらなる検証が必要である

●ロービジョンの対象者の運動学習を促進するポイントは「前庭覚や体性感覚での代償」と「身体活動量の維持・向上」である

参考文献

1）Bourne RRA, et al：Magnitude, temporal trends, and projections of the global prevalence of blindness and distance and near vision impairment：a systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet Glob Health 2017；5：e888-e897. doi：10.1016/S2214-109X(17)30293-0

2）Morizane Y, et al：Incidence and causes of visual impairment in Japan：the first nation-wide complete enumeration survey of newly certified visually impaired individuals. Jpn J Ophthalmol 2019；63：26-33

3）Weinreb RN, et al：The pathophysiology and treatment of glaucoma：a review. JAMA 2014；311：1901-1911

4）Jayaram H, et al：Glaucoma：now and beyond. Lancet 2023；402：1788-1801

5）Cumming BG, et al：The physiology of stereopsis. Annu Rev Neurosci 2001；24：203-238

6）de la Malla C, et al：How various aspects of motion parallax influence distance judgments, even when we think we are standing still. J Vis 2016；16：8. doi：10.1167/16.9.8

7）Roh M, et al：Relations between postural sway and cognitive workload during various gaze tasks in healthy young and old people. J Exerc Rehabil 2021；17：131-137

8）Bizovska L, et al：Saccadic eye movements and their influence on kinematics of several body segments in elderly while standing. Acta Bioeng Biomech 2019；21：121-126

9）Lafleur D, et al：The impact of eye movement on postural control depends on the type of oculomotor behavior and the visual task. Gait Posture 2023；100：65-69

10）Ishikawa K, Hesegawa N, et al：Effects of the loss of binocular and motion parallax on static postural stability. Sensors（Basel） 2023；23：4139. doi：10.3390/s23084139

11）Peterka RJ：Sensorimotor integration in human postural control. J Neurophysiol 2002；88：1097-1118

12）Isotalo E, et al：Monocular versus binocular vision in postural control. Auris Nasus Larynx 2004；31：11-17

13）Zarei H, et al：Balance control in individuals with visual impairment：a systematic review and meta-analysis. Motor Control 2023；27：677-704

14）Rougier P, et al：Adaptative effects of loss of vision on upright undisturbed stance. Brain Res 2000；871：165-174

15）Alghadir AH, et al：Postural stability in people with visual impairment. Brain Behav 2019；9：e01436. doi：10.1002/brb3.1436

16）Nakata H, et al：Automatic postural response systems in individuals with congenital total blindness. Gait Posture 2001；14：36-43

17）Daneshmandi H, et al：Balance in the blind：a systematic review. Physical Treatments 2021；11：1-12

18）Haymes SA, et al：Risk of falls and motor vehicle collisions in glaucoma. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2007；48：1149-1155

19）Popescu ML, et al：Age-related eye disease and mobility limitations in older adults. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2011；52：7168-7174

20）Cadoni G, et al：Posturographic analysis in patients affected by central and peripheral visual impairment. J Pers Med 2022；12：1709. doi：10.3390/jpm12101709

21）Taneda K, et al：Effects of simulated peripheral visual field loss on the static postural control in young healthy adults. Gait Posture 2021；86：233-239

22）Ronsse R, et al：Motor learning with augmented feedback：modality-dependent behavioral and neural consequences. Cereb Cortex 2011；21：1283-1294

23）Sigrist R, et al：Terminal feedback outperforms concurrent visual, auditory, and haptic feedback in learning a complex rowing-type task. J Mot Behav 2013；45：455-472

24）Hasegawa N, et al：Learning effects of dynamic postural control by auditory biofeedback versus visual biofeedback training. Gait Posture 2017；58：188-193

25）Marco-Ahulló A, et al：Effect of concurrent visual feedback frequency on postural control learning in adolescents. J Mot Behav 2019；51：193-198

26）Hasegawa N, et al：Differential effects of visual versus auditory biofeedback training for voluntary postural sway. PLoS One 2020；15：e0244583. doi：10.1371/journal.pone.0244583

27）Vos LA, et al：Training potential of visual feedback to improve dynamic postural stability. Gait Posture 2022；92：243-248

28）Parreira RB, et al：Postural control in blind individuals：a systematic review. Gait Posture 2017；57：161-167

29）O'Connell C, et al：Effects of acute peripheral/central visual field loss on standing balance. Exp Brain Res 2017；235：3261-3270

30）Przekoracka-Krawczyk A, et al：Implicit motor learning is impaired in strabismic adults. J Vis 2015；15：6. doi：10.1167/15.11.6

31）Salar S, et al：The effects of balance and core stability training on postural control in people with visual impairment：a systematic review. Br J Vis Impair 2022；41：528-541