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文献詳細

雑誌文献

BRAIN and NERVE-神経研究の進歩60巻4号

2008年04月発行

増大特集 神経系の発生とその異常

滑脳症と小頭症の分子遺伝学

著者: 持田ガネシュワラン 仁司1

所属機関: 1

ページ範囲:P.437 - P.444

文献概要

はじめに

 遺伝性の大脳皮質形成異常は,小児神経領域において非常に重要な疾患群である。これらは,個々の疾患としては比較的稀であっても,全体としては精神運動発達遅滞,てんかん,脳性麻痺などの大きな原因となっている。例えば,小児における難治性てんかんの症例では,その約40%が大脳皮質の形成異常によるものとの推定もある1。また成人のてんかんについても,5%から15%程度において大脳皮質の形態的な異常が報告されている2。したがって,これらの疾患の原因を究明することは,小児神経あるいは神経内科の臨床のうえで非常に重要となる。また,大脳皮質形成異常の原因遺伝子は,正常な大脳皮質の発生に必須の遺伝子である。故に,これらの遺伝子の機能を知ることは,正常な大脳皮質の発生メカニズムを知る手がかりを与えてくれる。近年,画像診断,および遺伝研究の進歩によって,この分野は格段の進歩を遂げ,多くの大脳皮質形成異常の遺伝子が発見されている。本稿では,これらの疾患の中でも,特に最近の研究が進んでいる疾患群である,滑脳症および小頭症を取り上げ,その臨床および原因遺伝子の機能などについて,最近の知見を概説する。

参考文献

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掲載誌情報

出版社:株式会社医学書院

電子版ISSN:1344-8129

印刷版ISSN:1881-6096

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