BRAIN and NERVE－神経研究の進歩62巻2号

2010年02月発行

特集 ニューロリハビリテーションの最前線

近赤外光スペクトロスコピーを用いたニューロリハビリテーションの評価

著者： 三原雅史¹ 矢倉一¹ 畠中めぐみ¹ 服部憲明¹² 宮井一郎¹

所属機関： ¹特定医療法人大道会森之宮病院神経リハビリテーション研究部・神経内科 ²科学技術振興機構さきがけ

ページ範囲：P.125 - P.132

文献概要

はじめに

　近年，機能的脳画像や神経生理学的手法などを用いた研究によって，脳損傷後の機能回復過程においては中枢神経での機能的・構造的な再構成が重要な役割を果たしていることが知られるようになり，これらの知見をリハビリテーション臨床に応用する動きが盛んになってきている。従来の研究における機能的脳画像手法としては，機能的MRI（functional MRI：fMRI），PET，SPECTなどの手法が主に用いられてきたが，いずれの手法も大がかりな専用の施設を必要とし，また基本的には撮影時に被験者の安静臥床が必要であることから，運動に関するタスクとしては上下肢の一部を動かす程度に制限されてしまうという問題があった。

　本稿で紹介する近赤外光スペクトロスコピー（near-infrared spectroscopy：NIRS）は被験者に対する制約が少なく，装置が比較的小型で測定環境に対する自由度が高いことから，リハビリテーション分野における一般臨床場面での応用に適した機能的脳画像手法として注目されてきている。本稿では，NIRSを用いた脳機能測定の概要とリハビリテーション分野への応用例に関して述べる。

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