BRAIN and NERVE－神経研究の進歩69巻5号

2017年05月発行

特集 Voxel-Based Morphometry—体積からわかること

健常小児の脳の形態的発達

著者： 松平泉¹ 川島隆太²³ 瀧靖之¹³

所属機関： ¹東北大学加齢医学研究所機能画像医学研究分野 ²東北大学加齢医学研究所応用脳科学研究分野 ³東北大学加齢医学研究所認知機能発達寄附研究部門

ページ範囲：P.539 - P.545

文献概要

学童期から青年期は脳の成熟期である。この時期の健常小児における脳の発達メカニズムの解明は，神経発達障害による成熟異常の発見や，精神疾患のリスク予見・早期予防に貢献する。個人差の大きい小児の脳画像の解析において，VBM（voxel-based morphometry）は有効である。本論では，健常小児の脳の形態的発達と年齢・生活習慣・養育・遺伝子多型との関係について，VBMによる知見を紹介する。

参考文献

1)Hedman AM, van Haren NE, Schnack HG, Kahn RS, Hulshoff Pol HE, et al: Human brain changes across the life span: a review of 56 longitudinal magnetic resonance imaging studies. Hum Brain Mapp 33: 1987-2002, 2012

2)Sowell ER, Thompson PM, Toga AW: Mapping changes in the human cortex throughout the span of life. Neuroscientist 10: 372-392, 2004

3)Gogtay N, Giedd JN, Lusk L, Hayashi KM, Greenstein D, et al: Dynamic mapping of human cortical development during childhood through early adulthood. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 101: 8174-8179, 2004

4)笠井清登, 青木茂樹（監）, 根本清貴（編著）: すぐできるVBM: 精神・神経疾患の脳画像解析. 学研メディカル秀潤社, 東京, 2014

5)Mechelli A, Price CJ, Friston KJ, Ashburner J: Voxel-based morphometry of the human brain: methods and applications. Curr Med Imaging Rev 1: 105-113, 2005

6)Taki Y, Hashizume H, Thyreau B, Sassa Y, Takeuchi H, et al: Linear and curvilinear correlations of brain gray matter volume and density with age using voxel-based morphometry with the Akaike information criterion in 291 healthy children. Hum Brain Mapp 34: 1857-1871, 2013

7)Ecker C, Bookheimer SY, Murphy DG: Neuroimaging in autism spectrum disorder: brain structure and function across the lifespan. Lancet Neurol 14: 1121-1134, 2015

8)Friedman LA, Rapoport JL: Brain development in ADHD. Curr Opin Neurobiol 30: 106-111, 2015

9)Giedd JN, Blumenthal J, Jeffries NO, Castellanos FX, Liu H, et al: Brain development during childhood and adolescence: a longitudinal MRI study. Nat Neurosci 2: 861-863, 1999

10)Paus T: Mapping brain maturation and cognitive development during adolescence. Trends Cogn Sci 9: 60-68, 2005

11)Akaike H: A new look at statistical model identification. IEEE Trans Automat Contr 19: 716-723, 1974

12)Mora F: Successful brain aging: plasticity, environmental enrichment, and lifestyle. Dialogues Clin Neurosci 15: 45-52, 2013

13)大塚美恵子: アルツハイマー病予防と摂取栄養素. Brain Nerve 68: 809-817, 2016

14)島田裕之, 牧迫飛雄馬, 土井剛彦: 運動・身体活動による認知症予防. Brain Nerve 68: 799-808, 2016

15)Taki Y, Hashizume H, Sassa Y, Takeuchi H, Asano M, et al: Breakfast staple types affect brain gray matter volume and cognitive function in healthy children. PLOS ONE 5: e15213, 2010

16)Taki Y, Hashizume H, Thyreau B, Sassa Y, Takeuchi H, et al: Sleep duration during weekdays affects hippocampal gray matter volume in healthy children. NeuroImage 60: 471-475, 2012

17)Chugani HT: A critical period of brain development: studies of cerebral glucose utilization with PET. Prev Med 27: 184-188, 1998

18)Mata M, Fink DJ, Gainer H, Smith CB, Davidsen L, et al: Activity-dependent energy metabolism in rat posterior pituitary primarily reflects sodium pump activity. J Neurochem 34: 213-215, 1980

19)Foster-Powell K, Holt SH, Brand-Miller JC: International table of glycemic index and glycemic load values: 2002. Am J Clin Nutr 76: 5-56, 2002

20)Guzman-Marin R, Suntsova N, Methippara M, Greiffenstein R, Szymusiak R, et al: Sleep deprivation suppresses neurogenesis in the adult hippocampus of rats. Eur J Neurosci 22: 2111-2116, 2005

21)Riemann D, Voderholzer U, Spiegelhalder K, Hornyak M, Buysse DJ, et al: Chronic insomnia and MRI-measured hippocampal volumes: a pilot study. Sleep 30: 955-958, 2007

22)Weaver IC, Cervoni N, Champagne FA, D'Allesio AC, Sharma S, et al: Epigenetic programming by maternal behavior. Nat Neurosci 7: 847-854, 2004

23)Tomoda A, Sheu YS, Rabi K, Suzuki H, Navalta CP, et al: Exposure to parental verbal abuse is associated with increased gray matter volume in superior temporal gyrus. NeuroImage 54 (Suppl 1): S280-S286, 2011

24)Teicher MH, Samson JA, Anderson CM, Ohashi K: The effects of childhood maltreatment on brain structure, function and connectivity. Nat Rev Neurosci 17: 652-666, 2016

25)Whittle S, Simmons JG, Dennison M, Vijayakumar N, Schwartz O, et al: Positive parenting predicts the development of adolescent brain structure: a longitudinal study. Dev Cogn Neurosci 8: 7-17, 2014

26)Luby JL, Barch DM, Belden A, Gaffrey MS, Tillman R, et al: Maternal support in early childhood predicts larger hippocampal volumes at school age. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 109: 2854-2859, 2012

27)Matsudaira I, Yokota S, Hashimoto T, Takeuchi H, Asano K, et al: Parental praise correlates with posterior insular cortex gray matter volume in children and adolescents. PLOS ONE 11: e0154220, 2016

28)東　洋, 柏木惠子, 繁多　進, 唐澤真弓: FDT親子関係診断検査. 日本文化科学社, 東京, 2002

29)大平英樹: 島の機能と自己感. Brain Nerve 66: 417-427, 2014

30)Nakagawa S, Takeuchi H, Taki Y, Nouchi R, Sekiguchi A, et al: Comprehensive neural networks for guilty feeling in young adults. NeuroImage 105: 248-256, 2015

31)Anderson JS, Lange N, Froehlich A, DuBray MB, Druzgal TJ, et al: Decreased left posterior insular activity during auditory language in autism. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 31: 131-139, 2010

32)Baumrind D: Rearing competent children. Damon W (Ed): Child Development Today and Tomorrow. Russell Sage Foundation, New York, 1989, pp349-378

33)Parker G, Tupling H, Brown LB: A Parental Bonding Instrument. Br J Med Psychol 52: 1-10, 1979

34)Belsky J, de Haan M: Annual research review: parenting and children's brain development: the end of the beginning. J Child Psychol Psychiatry 52: 409-428, 2011

35)Hashimoto T, Fukui K, Takeuchi H, Yokota S, Kikuchi Y, et al: effects of the BDNF Val66Met polymorphism on gray matter volume in typically developing children and adolescents. Cereb Cortex 26: 1795-1803, 2016

36)Notaras M, Hill R, van den Buuse M: The BDNF gene Val66Met polymorphism as a modifier of psychiatric disorder susceptibility: progress and controversy. Mol Psychiatry 20: 916-930, 2015

37)Hong CJ, Liou YJ, Tsai SJ: Effects of BDNF polymorphisms on brain function and behavior in health and disease. Brain Res Bull 86: 287-297, 2011

38)Egan MF, Kojima M, Callicott JH, Goldberg TE, Kolachana BS, et al: The BDNF val66met polymorphism affects activity-dependent secretion of BDNF and human memory and hippocampal function. Cell 112: 257-269, 2003

39)Cheeran B, Talelli P, Mori F, Koch G, Suppa A, et al: A common polymorphism in the brain-derived neurotrophic factor gene (BDNF) modulates human cortical plasticity and the response to rTMS. J Physiol 586: 5717-5725, 2008

40)Liu ME, Huang CC, Chen MH, Yang AC, Tu PC, et al: Effect of BDNF Val66Met polymorphism on regional gray matter volumes and cognitive function in the Chinese population. Neuromolecular Med 16: 127-136, 2014

41)Lee R, Kermani P, Teng KK, Hempstead BL: Regulation of cell survival by secreted proneurotrophins. Science 294: 1945-1948, 2001