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総合診療28巻1号

2018年01月発行

文献概要

診察で使える!|急性期Point-of-Care超音波ベーシックス・10

急性肺塞栓症を疑った時

著者: 亀田徹1

所属機関: 1安曇野赤十字病院救急科

ページ範囲:P.105 - P.111

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はじめに
急性肺塞栓症は予後に基づいて分類されます!
 急性肺塞栓症は多くの場合、下肢の深部静脈で形成された血栓が肺動脈に移動して発症します。肺循環の30%以上が塞栓で閉塞すると肺動脈圧が上昇すると言われていますが、低血圧・ショックの場合は、左右の主肺動脈のどちらかの完全閉塞、もしくは双方の部分的閉塞が造影CTで観察されます1)。もっとも肺血栓塞栓症の重症度の分類は、血栓の量や分布、形態ではなく、予後を反映する血圧低下・ショック、右室拡大・機能不全の有無に基づいて行われます1)。表1にAmerican Heart Association(AHA)1, 2)、表2にEuropean Society of Cardiology(ESC)の急性肺塞栓症の分類3)を提示します。表3は後者の指標の1つ、simplified pulmonary embolism severity index(simplified PESI)4)です。双方の分類からわかるように、血圧低下・ショックの有無と、超音波による右室評価は、予後を把握するうえで主要な指標であることがわかります。
*本論文中、[▶動画]マークにつきましては、関連する動画を見ることができます(公開期間:2019年12月31日まで)。

参考文献

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掲載誌情報

出版社:株式会社医学書院

電子版ISSN:2188-806X

印刷版ISSN:2188-8051

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