臨床検査56巻1号

2012年01月発行

今月の主題 認知症と臨床検査 各論

Aβオリゴマーの病因性と検査

著者： 玉岡晃¹²

所属機関： ¹筑波大学大学院人間総合科学研究科疾患制御医学専攻神経病態医学分野 ²筑波大学附属病院

ページ範囲：P.57 - P.64

アルツハイマー病(AD)の神経病理学的な特徴の一つは大脳皮質に広範に出現する老人斑であり，老人斑の主要構成成分としては線維性構造物として不溶化したアミロイドβ蛋白(Aβ)が同定されている．当初，Aβの脳内沈着がADの病理変化の先駆けとなることなどより，アミロイドカスケード仮説が提唱されたが，ADの認知機能障害の程度が老人斑の密度と相関しないことや，神経毒性を有する線維化に要求されるAβ濃度が生理的な濃度より高いことより，近年は生理的な濃度でシナプス毒性に作用するAβのオリゴマーに焦点が当てられてきた(オリゴマー仮説)．

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